[0:01]Theek hai, chapter five continue kar rahe hain. Jisme Hierarchy vs Stratification topic hai. Ki hierarchy kya hoti hai, kya har ek cheez jo stratified hai, kya wo hierarchy hai ya fir us stratification hai, kya hai wo dekhein quickly.
[0:13]Dipankar Gupta ka isme view bahut hi important view hai. You have to quote it. Dipankar Gupta, he is an Indian sociologist.
[0:21]Wo kya dekhte hain? Wo keh rahe hain ki jaise hum compare karte hain, hamare, hamare paas generally hum sirf compare karte aaye hain ki jaise strata kehte hain, aap kaise imagine karte ho strata is layers, ek ke baad ek layer lagi hui hai.
[0:34]Yeh strata hota hai. Kehte hain, yeh hamari jo yeh understanding strata ki aati hai ki ek ke baad ek layer lagi hai, yeh geology se nikaldi hai.
[0:43]Kehte hain, lekin hum geology study nahi kar rahe. We are studying sociology.
[0:48]Toh isme thoda sa concept alag hai, toh aap isko geology ko compare mat karo isse sociology se. Society zaroori nahi hai ki har baar aise strata mein banti ho.
[0:57]Ab yahaan likhte hain ki kehte hain hamari common textbook analogy ki hum parallel draw karte hain. Stratas jo earth ki layer mein milte hain aapko, uske sath hum compare karte hain. Kehte hain, yeh misleading hai. Aisa mat karo aap.
[1:10]Society mein zaroori nahi hai ki agar society bati hui hai toh wo vertically na stratified ho, ho sakta hai wo horizontally stratified ho. Jaise imagine karo bahut hi asaan hai imagine karna hai.
[1:53]Ki maan lo aapki ab India ka example lete hain hum apna. India mein, India mein hamari states dekho, maan lo Punjab hai. Punjab mein Sikh bahut saare Sikh hain.
[2:04]Let's say ab J&K mein kaafi Islam hai and let's say Ladakh region mein kaafi Buddhist hain. Theek hai ji? Toh yeh Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, bahut saare hamare dharma exist karte hain.
[2:14]Toh yeh multiple, yeh dharm strata hain, strata. Alag alag dharm hai. Toh kya humne inki koi ranking kari hai? Ranking ki, accha ji, let's say hum Islam ko rank one rakh rahe hain, Sikh ko rank one rakh rahe hain, Buddhism ko rank one, Hinduism ko rank one. Kis ko? Kehta hai, ranking toh nahi kari humne.
[2:28]Humne bas sabhi dharm rakh diye strata mein bante hue hain dharm, ki har dharm apne alag tarah se behave karta hai, lekin lekin wo hierarchy nahi hai wahaan par.
[2:38]Aage bahut hi strong line bhi likhenge yahaan pe hum. Wo keh rahe hain ki har ek system jo hai, jo stratified hai, wo zaroori nahi hai hierarchy mein ho. Some, some systems are but many are not.
[2:47]Jaise for example agar hum male aur female mein samaaj ko bata hua dekhe toh yeh system stratified hai on the basis of gender, but lekin lekin yahaan pe kuch, kuch ek hierarchy bhi hai ki male ko samaaj thoda upar rakh raha hai female se. Yeh vertical jab bhi strata vertical ho jayega toh hierarchy aa jayegi.
[3:00]Jab vertical nahi hoga, alag alag exist karte hain toh usme hierarchy nahi hogi. Theek hai ji? Aage. Jahan pe differences rather than hierarchy.
[3:09]Theek hai ji? Hierarchy mein kya important word hai? Hierarchy ranked order hai. Ranking ki baat ho rahi hai. Toh kehte hain, wo dominant hota hai kuch kuch stratificatory system mein. Main yahaan repeat kar raha hoon ki hierarchy kisi kisi stratificatory system mein hoga.
[3:23]Zaroori nahi hai har ek system stratification ka usme hierarchy ho. Theek hai ji? Aage.
[3:28]Wo likhte hain, the layers in some cases are not arranged vertically or hierarchically. Us case mein kya hoga? Horizontal. Maine aapko bataya bhi horizontally ya separately alag alag exist karte hain.
[3:40]Maan lo Buddhist exist kar rahe hain Ladakh mein Islam, J&K ki baat kar raha hoon main. Islam exist karta hai Kargil ke udhar wala ilaka jitna bhi hai, jo Valley and jo neeche Jammu region jo hai, wo Hindu hai.
[3:51]Toh alag alag exist karte hain isme toh strata, strata bhi nahi hai. Yeh alag hi alag exist kar rahe hain. Horizontal, vertical kuch bhi nahi hai. Alag alag existence hai. Okay, last mein.
[4:00]Toh wo keh raha hai, bahut hi important line hai wo jo bol raha hoon aapko main. Bahut strong ek line hai. Wo keh rahe hain ki it would be futile. Kehte hain, useless hoga.
[4:07]Rather capricious, capricious matlab bahut hi evil hoga. Bahut hi ghatiya ek harkat ho jayegi. Jab hum simple simple cheezon ko agar hum hierarchy mein daal dein. Kehte hain, jaise language, language ko hierarchy mein daalna, religions ko hierarchy mein daalna, nationality ko hierarchy mein daalna.
[4:24]Kehte hain, yeh useless toh hai hi hai, yeh futile, rather capricious bhi ho jayega ki jaise ab aap imagine karo hamare samaaj mein, ek particular cheez jo Angrez hume de gaye ki jo insaan English bolta hai, uski zyada se hai let's say as compared to Hindi.
[4:42]Theek hai ji? Okay. Aur religion ki baat karein agar toh kahin na kahin Indian jo abhi system chal raha hai usme Islam ka darja neeche chal raha hai, kaafi neeche kar diya gaya hai, not only in India, everywhere else as well. Islamophobia develop ho raha hai.
[4:54]Nationalities mein dekh rahe hain hum aaj kal. Jaise China mein hyper nationalism ka chal raha hai aaj kal. Chinese upar and then neeche Japanese, South Korean, Indian, theek hai ji? Vietnamese, sabko neeche, nationality ko bhi rank karna shuru kar diya hai humne.
[5:08]Hum bhi khud imagine karo ki same insaan let's say hume milta hai jo hamare jaisa dikhta hai, wo Pakistan se hai. Lekin Pakistan se hone ke bas uske liye wohi bahut hai and hamare humne hierarchy mein usko neeche daal diya. Theek hai ji? Okay.
[5:20]Wo keh rahe hain ki yeh futile hai. Dipankar Gupta says ki strata hai wo alag strata hai lekin wo hierarchy mein upar neeche mat karo. Kehte hain, ghatiya kaam karoge aap. Theek hai ji? Then similarly, he writes, secular India again provides an example of religious stratification.
[5:35]Kehne ko toh hum secular hain lekin humne religiously khud ko stratify kar diya. Hona kya chahiye? Religions hierarchized nahi hone chahiye the lekin abhi hain, theek hai ji? And then unequally privileged in law ki sabko barabar ka haq milna chahiye tha lekin nahi mil raha.
[5:49]Okay. And then but have the freedom to exist separately. Secularism ki paribhasha yahi hai, in full knowledge of their intrinsic difference. Theek hai ji? Ki intrinsic difference ke pata hone ke bawajood wo cheeze exist karti hain commonly. Simple sau baaton ki ek baat isko conclude karte hain.
[6:07]Ki religion hamare desh mein hierarchized nahi hona chahiye tha kyuki secular country hai hamara, lekin yahaan par religion mein hierarchy aati ja rahi hai, which is a threat to India's secular fiber. Theek hai ji? Okay.
[6:21]Ab secularism ki vaise paribhasha kya hoti hai? Can anybody explain? Please write it in comment then I'll tell tell you more about secularism in a separate video. Bahut hi ek broad definition.
[6:31]Abhi aap secularism se kya samajhte hain? Please mujhe comment mein batao. Thoda idea mile ki aap kis level pe operate kar rahe ho and ek aur cheez feedback dena shuru karo neeche ki kya yeh speed slow hai or shall I ki shall I increase the speed, shall I decrease the speed, thoda baat batani shuru karo and let us just talk, theek hai? Start let us just start talking and keep making notes.
[6:54]Agar aap in sab videos ke notes nahi bana rahe toh it is absolutely useless. Theek hai ji? Chalo milte hain jaldi, thank you.
