[0:07]Dear students, welcome to Kids Smashers. Aaj ki is video mein explain karne ja raha hu Logic Gates. Aur in Logic Gates se related, guys, jitne bhi important point hain, sare ke sare explain karunga. Chahe inki equation ke bare mein ho, truth table ke bare mein ho, specially inki properties ke bare mein ho ki kaun closer hai, kaun commutative, kaun associative. Each and every point aapko with example explain karunga.
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[0:36]Chaliye, start karte hain sabse pehle Logic Gates ki agar hum baat karein to isko hum kaise categorize karte hain? Sabse pehle aate hain hamare basic gates jisme And, OR, and Not aata hai. Universal gates jismein hamare paas NAND aur NOR aata hai.
[0:49]Arithmetic gates jismein hamare paas XOR aur X-NOR aata hai. To dekho, basic gates ka matlab kya hai? Sabse smallest unit agar hum baat karein, hum circuit mein baat karte hain adder, subtracter, flip-flops ki baat kar lo, counters ki baat kar lo.
[1:03]Lekin, sabse smallest unit agar hum baat karein, to that is the basic gate jismein And gate, OR gate and Not gate aata hai. Not gate ko hum inverter bhi bol dete hain, complimentary bhi bol dete hain, kyunki yeh values ko kya karta hai? Complement karta hai. Baaki main aapko truth table se abhi batata hu.
[1:19]Universal gates ki agar hum baat karein, isko universal gate hum kyun bol rahe hain? Because NAND and NOR aise gate hain, jinse hum koi bhi circuit jo hai, woh kya kar rahe hain? Design kar rahe hain. Humein koi bhi yahaan pe gate banana hai, And, OR, Not banana hai.
[1:30]To hum inse bana sakte hain. XOR, X-NOR banana hai. Hum in do gate se bana sakte hain. To dekho, universal gate jo hai na, NAND and NOR, yeh bane inhien se hi hain. Lekin yeh akela kuch nahi kar sakta. Yeh akela kuch nahi kar sakta.
[1:46]Haan, combination jo hai, woh mil ke kuch kar sakta hai. Jaise, agar hum baat karein And gate. And ke saath agar main Not laga du, jaise yeh dekho, maine kya banaya And gate. And ke aage agar maine Not bana diya, to kya hoga? Yeh aapka NAND ban gaya.
[2:00]Agar maine OR ke aage Not laga diya, to yeh kya ban gaya? NOR ban gaya. Isi ko maine yahaan pe represent kiya. To dekho, akela nahi hai. Isliye basic gate hai. Isko hum universal gate isliye nahi kehte. Akela kuch nahi kar sakta. Haan, mil ke jo hai, obviously, And aur Not mil ke hi to NAND bana rahe hain.
[2:17]Aur NAND sabko bana sakta hai. To obviously, universal gate hum isko isliye bol rahe hain, kyunki yeh akela apne aap mein itni capability rakhta hai ki yeh baaki gates ko bhi kya kar sakta hai? Design kar sakta hai. Yeh main jo hai, woh difference hai.
[2:30]Ab sabse pehle agar hum baat karein, yeh bhi dekh lo, arithmetic gates ki agar hum baat karein, to yaar XOR aur X-NOR ko hum arithmetic gate kyun bol rahe hain? Arithmetic operations kaunse hote hain? Addition hota hai, subtraction hota hai, multiplication, division. To yaar, in sare operations ko karne ke liye hum kin ki help lete hain?
[2:50]In gates ki help lete hain. Jaise simple sa example hai, half adder banana hai, full adder banana hai, subtractor banana hai, wahaan pe aapko yahi gate jo hai, woh milega. Although, baaki gate bhi use ho sakte hain jaise carry wagaireh ke liye hum use karte hain ya boro ke liye.
[3:07]Lekin, main jo hai, woh aapka XOR aur X-NOR use hota hai arithmetic operation ke liye. Yeh chote-chote point jo hai, woh note kar lena. Kyunki yeh point jo hai na, kai baar direct exam ke andar aapse pooch lete hain.
[3:14]Chaliye, start karte hain sabse pehle And gate ki agar hum baat karein, to yahaan pe maine input le rakhi hai A aur B. Two input gates hain. Maximum jo hai, woh aapke sare ke sare two input gate hain. Specially agar hum Not gate ki baat karein, to isme hum single input, kyun? Kyunki Not gate kar kya raha hai ki agar maine zero di, to yeh output kya dega? One dega.
[3:32]Agar maine one di to output kya dega? Zero dega. Isi liye main isko kya bol raha hu? Inverter, kyunki yeh value ko kya karta hai? Complement kar deta hai. Baakiyon ki agar hum baat karein, to yeh sare jo hain, woh two input jo hai, woh hum by default use karte hain.
[3:45]To And ki agar hum baat karein, to two input And gate, to yahaan pe aapke paas 00, 01, 10, 11, kyunki do input hai to kitne combination banenge, kitni values banengi aapki? Chaar banengi 00, 01, 10, 11. To sabse pehle A.B.
[4:00]Kaunsa gate hai? And gate, kyunki And gate mein hum log karte kya hain? Dono ko And karte hain. Dono ko kya karte hain? And operation jo hai, woh perform karte hain. To And ek tarah se aap keh sakte ho multiply kind of. To 00 kya banega aapka? Zero. 10 kya banega aapka? Zero. 10 kya banega aapka? Zero. Aur 11 kya banega aapka? One. To is tarike se jo hai, woh A.B hum denote karte hain isko. To yeh aapka And gate jo hai, woh ban gaya.
[4:27]Then A+B, yeh aapka kaunsa hai? OR gate hai. To OR gate ek tarah se aapka plus jo hai, woh karta hai. To 0 + 0 karoge to zero aayega. 0 + 1 karoge to one aayega. 1 + 0 karoge to one aayega aur 1 + 1 karoge to aapka one aayega. Theek hai na? To dekho, yahaan pe aapko maybe lag raha ho ki 1 + 1 kya aata hai? Two aata hai. To 1 + 1 jo hai, woh generally hum two likh sakte hain.
[4:53]Lekin yahaan pe hum Boolean functions ki baat kar rahe hain. To Boolean ke case mein hum har ek value ko zero ya one se represent karte hain. To isi liye 1 + 1 aapka one hi mention karte hain. Then A.B ka bar. A.B ka bar, yeh kaunsa aa gaya? A.B kaunsa hai? And. Uske upar bar laga diya, matlab And ke aage humne Not laga diya.
[5:07]Matlab And ne kya dena hai? A aur B isko input di to isne A.B de dena hai. Aur aage Not laga diya, matlab A.B ke upar bar lag jayega. To wahi cheez yahaan pe kar rahe hain. To the jo aapka NAND gate hai, woh kya hai? And ki value ko ulta kar do. To And ki value kya hai? 0001.
[5:24]To isko aap direct ulta bhi kar sakte ho. Ya aap solve bhi kar sakte ho agar karna chahte ho. But itna dimag lagane ki zaroorat hi nahi, direct aap jo hai, woh isko solve kar sakte ho. Aapko pata hai A.B kya hai? A aur B ko multiply karte hain to yeh kya hai? And ki value hai. And ki value ko aage complement kar do, 1110. Yeh aapka jo hai, woh NAND ban gaya.
[5:49]Then aa gaya NOR. NOR ke case mein hum kya kar rahe hain? OR ke aage kya laga diya? Not. OR ke aage kya laga diya? Not. OR ne kya dena hai? A + B. To A + B ke aage maine Not gate laga diya to yeh kya ho jayega iska? Complement. To wahi yahaan pe humne equation mein represent kar diya. To bas, A + B aapko pata hi hai yeh raha.
[6:05]Ab iska kya kar do? Complement kar do. To yani yeh ban gaya zero ka complement matlab one ban gaya aur baaki jo hain, woh one one hain, to yeh sare aapke 00 jo hai, woh ho jayenge. Theek hai?
[6:19]Yeh isko proper way se aap likh lena. Then A XOR B. Agar hum baat karein A XOR B, to A XOR B ki equation jo hai, woh kya hoti hai? A.B' + A'.B.
[6:31]Aur agar hum baat karein X-NOR ki, to yeh kya hoti hai aapki? A.B + A'.B'. Theek hai na? Yeh aapki equation hoti hai. Hum generally denote aise karte hain plus aur uske upar circle, ya yeh dot aur uske upar circle. Yeh aapka XOR hai, yeh aapka X-NOR hai. Lekin iski equation ko agar aap open karoge, to yeh aapki XOR ki ban gayi, yeh aapki X-NOR ki ban gayi.
[6:52]To isko aap direct bhi solve kar sakte ho. Aapko pata hai A.B ka answer aapko pata hai yahaan pe hai. Plus A'.B'. Aap direct bhi isko kar sakte solve, lekin itna time lagaoge. Although, yeh ek brute force method hai. Kai baar is tarike ki equation aa jati hain jab humein output nahi pata lagti to hum kya karte hain? Minimize karte hain. Ya phir hum values ko is tarike se put karke bhi solve kar sakte hain. Yeh bhi ek method hai.
[7:50]Lekin yeh standard gates hain, to inka truth table to aapko yaad hi hona chahiye. To inka truth table jo hai, woh two input ke case mein yeh kya ban jayega? Same ke case mein yeh one deta hai aur different ke case mein kya deta hai? Zero deta hai. Bilkul XOR se ulta. To yeh dega one aur yahaan pe dega one. Baaki dono cases mein kya dega? Zero zero.
[8:35]To yeh actual mein kya hai, jo main gates hain aapke sare ke sare 3 aur 2, 5 aur 2, 7. Yeh seven jo gates hain, inka truth table aur inki equation jo hai, woh note kar lo. Next video mein hum log baat karenge inki properties ke bare mein, kaun closer hai, kaun commutative hai, kaun associative hai aur specially XOR aur X-NOR ki aapas mein properties bahut important hai. Thank you.
