[0:00]Hello everyone, welcome back to The Vedic Academy. To last class mein humne The President start kiya tha, jisme humne dekha tha kuch important points President ko lekar, saath hi saath qualification to become a President.
[0:15]Iske alawa election dekha tha President ka aur saath hi saath term of office aur unka vacate kaise hota hai post, ye dekha tha. To aaj hum part two padhne wale hain aur isme kuch bahut hi important facts padhenge jaise impeachment kaise hota hai President ka.
[0:27]Theek hai. Aur second padhenge ki jo powers hote hain President ke wo different types ke kon-kon se powers hote hain aur unme kya-kya important hai.
[0:34]Toh chaliye is video ko start karte hain.
[0:42]Toh last class mein humne President ko divide kar diya tha in different sections mein, jisme sabse pehla section tha important points kuch dekhe the President ko lekar.
[0:51]Fir qualification dekha tha ki President banne ke liye kya-kya chahiye hota hai. Fir election ke process ko kaafi dhyaan se dekha tha aur isme jo electoral college hote hain, woh kya hote hain aur kaise unka vote ka weightage hota hai, ye humne dekha tha.
[1:03]Aur fir term of office aur vacation dekha tha ki kaise vacate karte hain, kaise resign kar sakte hain ya fir unka term of office kitna din ka hota hai. Theek hai. Ab hum dekhenge ye do points jo ki apne aap mein kaafi bade topics hain. Theek hai.
[1:17]Impeachment of President toh agar wo apne normal tarike se term of office unka khatam nahi hota hai jo paanch saal ka unka term tha, wo normal tarike se khatam nahi hota hai ya wo resign nahi dete. Theek hai. Aur beech mein hi wo kuch unconstitutional kaam karte hain aur Rajya Sabha ya Lok Sabha chahti hai ki President ko hataya jaye.
[1:38]Toh unhe impeach karna hoga. Us process ko President ke hatane ko process ko kaha jaata hai impeachment. Theek hai, toh ise hum dhyaan se padhenge. Iske alawa powers ki agar baat ki jaaye toh President ke paas kai tarah ke powers hote hain jinhe kai tarah me divide kiya jaa sakta hai, executive power, iske alawa judicial power, military ke saath power, emergency power, financial power.
[1:50]Toh in saare powers ko hum dekhenge, theek hai aur unme se kuch kuch important powers ko yaad karna hoga, aapko sabhi ko yaad nahi karna hoga SSC ke perspective se, lekin maximum ko aapko yaad rakhna hoga. Theek hai. Ab main aapko ek aur bahut hi important fact bata du ki President jo ye chapter hai, ye one of the most important chapter hai SSC CGL ke perspective se, kyun?
[2:20]Dekhiye, jo bhi abhi iske baad aap topic padhenge jaise Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, unse jo objective type ke question hai, wo kaafi kam ban sakte hain. Lekin President ek akela aisa topic hai ki isse kaafi question ban jayenge.
[2:30]Theek hai, bahut saare question ban jayenge. Last class mein hi humne kaafi question dekha tha aur is class mein bhi fir kaafi saare questions ban sakte hain jo objective mein type mein puche ja sakte hain. Saath hi saath isse previous years mein bhi kaafi question aa chuke hain. Theek hai, toh ye bahut hi important topic hai, President part one, part two, dono ko ache se padhe.
[2:49]Toh chaliye ab start karte hain. Aate hain sabse pehle dekhte hain impeachment of President. Theek hai, toh impeachment of President kya hota hai abhi maine aapko samjhaya ki normal term of office se agar wo nahi hathte hain, resign nahi dete hain aur Parliament unhe hatana chahti hai, toh wo kaise impeachment ke through hattta hai. Theek hai.
[3:06]Toh ab impeachment kaha mentioned hai? Article 61 mein mentioned hai jo provision of impeachment hai, aapko bilkul hi yaad rakhna hai, bahut hi important hai. Theek hai, article 61, star mark kar lijiye, double star maar lijiye.
[3:19]Next, ab unhe impeachment kya sirf Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha ko man karega ki nahi President theek nahi lag rahe hain, hata dena hai toh hata denge kya? Nahi, unko sirf ek hi ground pe hataya jaa sakta hai ki wo violate kar rahe ho hamare Constitution ko.
[3:32]Theek hai, Constitution ko agar violate nahi karenge toh hum unko impeach nahi kar sakte. Theek hai, kuch unko unconstitutional karna hoga tabhi hum unko impeach kar sakte hain. Theek hai.
[3:44]Ab chaliye impeachment ka jo process hai, wo dekh sakte hain. Toh impeachment ke liye ek resolution pass karna hoga, theek hai. Jaise normal ek bill pass hota hai toh house mein introduce hota hai, usi tarah impeachment ka bhi jo resolution hai, wo ek kisi house mein introduce hoga. Theek hai, dono houses mein introduce ho sakta hai, Lok Sabha mein bhi aur Rajya Sabha mein bhi Parliament ke kisi bhi house mein wo introduce kiya jaa sakta hai.
[4:10]Ab suppose wo Rajya Sabha mein introduce ho gaya, theek hai, hum maan lete hain. Ab kya hoga, theek hai? Toh jab wo introduce ho raha hai, at the time of introduction, theek hai. Toh 25% of total members jo hote hain, unka usko support milna chahiye, theek hai. Use support kar jab wo introduce ho raha hai, usi time pe 25% yani 1/4th of the house, agar 250 strength hai suppose maan rahe hain Rajya Sabha ka, toh 250/4 kar dijiye, kitna hota hai?
[4:37]Almost 63 members almost aayenge. Toh 63 members ka aapko support chahiye hoga, theek hai. Tabhi ye introduce ho payega. Ab introduce ho gaya, theek hai, itna support mil gaya aapko. Toh fir kya hoga? President ke paas notice jayega ki aap pe impeachment ka resolution introduce ho chuka hai, theek hai.
[4:50]Ab President ko bhi mauka milega ki wo apne baat ko defend kare ki nahi maine aisa Constitution nahi toda hai. Theek hai, wo defend kar sakte hain. Ab kya hoga? Ye resolution ko vote pe rakha jayega. Ab ye resolution kyunki President ko hatane ka resolution hai, koi normal resolution toh hai nahi.
[5:05]Toh isliye 2/3rd majority se ye pass hoga. Wo bhi 2/3rd majority, uh, present and voting nahi, 2/3rd of the total strength of that house. Toh jab hum majority padh rahe the tabhi humne dekha tha ki one of the most impeachment of President jo hai, the most difficult hai kyunki isme ek dam 2/3rd of the total strength chahiye hota hai. Humne special majority ke case mein ise dekha tha. Theek hai.
[5:38]Toh 2/3rd of the total strength of that house mein agar use pass kar dete hain, us wo minimum hai, theek hai, usse zyada log agar use pass kar diya toh wo fir resolution pass ho jayega. Ab kya hoga? Ab resolution chal jayega second house ke paas, theek hai.
[5:51]Toh jaisa hum maan ke chal rahe hain ki ye Rajya Sabha mein introduce hua hai, toh second house yani Lok Sabha mein chala jayega. Ab is case mein jo second house hai, use investigating house bola jaata hai.
[6:23]Ab investigating house kya karegi? Ab investigating house ya toh koi committee constitute kar degi ya toh poora house hi ye allegation ko investigate karega ki ye sahi hai ki nahi. Theek hai. Aur iske baad waha bhi voting hogi. Theek hai.
[6:40]Aur waha bhi voting hone se pehle maine bataya ki President apna paksh rakhenge, theek hai. Toh paksh jo apna defend de rahe hain, wo ya toh khud defend kar sakte hain, apne paksh ko khud rakh sakte hain ya fir ek attorney bhi wo rakh sakte hain apne paksh ko rakhne ke liye ki nahi maine Constitution nahi toda hai. Theek hai.
[6:59]Ab second house bhi jab feel karega ki nahi, nahi, unka paksh sahi nahi hai aur second house bhi isse 2/3rd majority of strength of the house. Again special majority, jo 2/3rd of the strength of house hai, yani hamare case mein, jab hum example le rahe hain, us case mein Lok Sabha ka agar 2/3rd majority of the strength, theek hai, bhi isse pass kar dega, toh kya ho jayenge? President is impeached. Unhe chodna padega, vacate karna hoga apna office President ka post ko, theek hai.
[7:27]Toh impeachment ka process aap poora samjh gaye? Aapko poore detail mein process yaad nahi rakhna hai, lekin aap yaad rakhte hain toh bahut hi achhi baat hai. Aap sabse pehle toh ye kis article mein mentioned hai, 61st article mein mentioned hai. Second ki dono house mein aapko 2/3rd of total strength chahiye. Ye aapko yaad rakhna hai. Theek hai, kyunki ek thoda exceptional case hai. Har jagah 2/3rd of the jo present and voting chahiye hota hai, lekin impeachment ke case mein total strength chahiye, aapko yaad rakhna hai dono house mein. Chaliye toh impeachment ka part complete hua, ab chaliye aage badhte hain.
[7:58]Ab padhte hain powers of President ke baare mein. Toh maine bataya tha ki President ke paas kai tarah ke powers hote hain. Toh hum dekhenge kon-kon se power, executive power, legislative powers, financial power, judicial power, military power, emergency power. Theek hai. Ab yaha pe jo bhi terms maine samjhaye hain, ab tak toh aapko clear ho hi gayi hongi ki executive power matlab kya hota hai, theek hai.
[8:20]Executive power matlab kahi bhi agar ministers, hum policy making ya fir Prime Minister se deal related koi baat kar rahe hain, toh wo executive power ho jata hai. Legislative power matlab agar hum Parliament ki baat kar rahe hain, legislation, rule, law, bill pass karna, in sab ki baat kare toh legislative power ho jata hai.
[8:38]Financial power toh samjh hi rahe hain, finance yani paise se related. Judicial hum samjh rahe hain, judicially maine aapko bataya tha kya hota hai, nyaaypalika. Toh court, judges in se related power, military power aap jaan hi rahe hain, military, defense force, armed force, emergency power. Ab emergency power yaha jitne power hain, unme se sabse important hai exam perspective se, theek hai, kyunki emergency power se kaafi ache ache articles nikalte hain. Theek hai, kaafi important questions nikalte hain emergency power se.
[9:09]Toh ye sabse important hai in sabhi mein. Chaliye ab ek-ek karke sabhi powers ko dekh lete hain.
[9:13]Sabse pehle aate hain executive powers pe. Toh ab dekhiye, jitne bhi executive decision hai wo kon lete the, humne pehle hi padha tha, ki wo asal mein lete the Council of Ministers aur Prime Ministers. Lekin wo jitne bhi wo executive decision lete hain, wo in the name of President lete hain, theek hai.
[9:30]Inka naam jo hai jitne bhi executive decision unmein unka President ka naam liya jaata hai, theek hai. Bhale hi President maximum cheez nahi kar sakte Council of Ministers aur Prime Minister ke advice ke bina, lekin unka naam jo hai jitne bhi executive decision unmein unka President ka naam liya jaata hai. Theek hai. Ab executive power mein unka ek bahut hi important hai appointment karna. Dekhiye exam ke perspective se again ek important cheez aa gaya, star maar lijiye.
[9:54]Theek hai, President kai logo ko appoint karte hain. Toh question aise puchega. Question aapse ye nahi puchega President kin-kin ko appoint karte hain.
[10:00]Question puchega ki suppose example de dega ki CAG ko kon appoint karta hai? Toh answer ho jayega President. Theek hai, toh President bahut logo ko appoint karte hain. Chaliye, dekh lete hain. Ab dekhiye Prime Minister ko appoint karte hain.
[10:09]Dekhiye, Prime Minister chun ke aaye hain hamare jo ek tarah se Lok Sabha ya Rajya Sabha mein se. Theek hai. Log logo ne unhe chuna hai as an MP, Member of Parliament. Lekin Prime Minister ke roop mein unhe appoint kon karte hain? President. Theek hai, toh usually, usually ek convention ye hai ki President kinhe bulaenge? Jo bhi party hai jisne majority hasil kiya hai.
[10:30]Unke leader ko wo bulaenge as a Prime Minister, theek hai, aur unhe appoint karenge. Theek hai. Aisa agar wo nahi karte hain toh kya hoga? Toh aisa agar wo nahi karenge toh jo suppose ek chota sa party tha jise 1/10th of support hi hai Parliament ka, theek hai, uske leader ko unhone Parliament bana diya. Toh within one or two weeks leader ko apna ek tarah se keh sakte hain confidence show karna padega ki use 50% of Parliament ka confidence hai toh waha wo confidence nahi show kar payega.
[11:03]Aur isi ke saath wo sarkar gir jayegi, theek hai. Toh ek stable party ho, theek hai, 5 saal ke liye ek stable party ho isliye aisa zaroori hai ki us Parliament ka 50% se zyada jo total strength hai uska confidence prapt ho jo leader hai use. Agar confidence prapt ho matlab kya ki agar hum kabhi bhi use no confidence motion mein khada kare, toh waha wo pass hoke nikle, theek hai, aisa nahi ki sarkar gir jaye.
[11:28]Sarkar girne ka matlab kya ki jitne bhi Council of Ministers ka post hai, theek hai, Council of Ministers ka post unhe apne post se vacate karna pade jo ministers ka post jayega, Finance Minister, Defense Minister, Prime Minister, in sab ko apne post se resign karna padega toh usi ko bolte hain sarkar gir gayi. Wo abhi bhi Member of Parliament rehte hain, theek hai, lekin sarkar mein nahi rehte hain. Sarkar Government jo hai, wo Council of Ministers se bana rehta hai. Toh jitne bhi Prime Minister ho gaye, uske alawa other ministers jo bhi Council of Ministers hain, un sab ko kon appoint karta hai? Sab ko appoint karte hain hamare President, theek hai, aur usually kinhe karenge jo majority mein aayegi. Theek hai.
[12:08]Chaliye, aage badhte hain. Ab dekhte hain Chief Justice of Supreme Court, iske alawa jitne bhi judges hain aur Supreme Court, iske alawa aapko yaad rakhna hai High Court bhi, jitne High Courts hain inke bhi Chief Justice aur jo judges hote hain unko kon appoint karta hai? President. Theek hai. Dekhiye, yaha Supreme Court sabko yaad rahega ki Supreme Court se toh upar ek hi aadmi ho sakta hai President toh wahi appoint karenge. High Court mein log thoda dhokha kha jaate hain. High Court mein jo appointment hai kai log kya kar dete hain ki judges Chief Justice ko de dete hain, Chief Justice of Supreme Court unhe appoint karte hain, lekin nahi, appoint unhe bhi President hi karte hain.
[12:22]Iske alawa Governors of State, jitne bhi State ke Governors hain unko kon appoint karta hai? Unko bhi appoint President karte hain, theek hai, toh ye sab thode important hain. Yaha se question aate hain, theek hai. Direct PM aur Council of Ministers se nahi aayenge, lekin Governor of State puch dega ya fir Chief Justice High Court ka puch dega toh aapko lagega ki nahi ho sakta hai ki, yaha pe Chief Justice Supreme Court ka karta ho. Governor ke case mein aap soch sakte hain ki ho sakta hai ki Prime Minister ya fir Chief Minister karte ho, theek hai, lekin yaha is case mein sab case mein Prime President karte hain. Next CAG, Comptroller and Auditor General, theek hai. Iske alawa Chief Election Commissioner. Theek hai. Ye jo Election Commission ke hote hain, unke bhi Chief ko yahi kar rahe hain, theek hai, President hi. Then Attorney General of India, then UPSC ke Chairman. Toh hum dekh rahe hain kai saare yaha pe members hain. Aapko sabhi yaad rakhne hai, theek hai, ek baar padhiye, do baar padhiye, teesri baar tak aapko yaad ho jayega, zyada tension lene wali baat nahi hai. Theek hai. Yaha se question uth ke aa sakte hain. Chaliye. Ab iske alawa ye toh ho gaya appointment ka power. Ab next aate hain ki wo jitne bhi Union Territory. Ab Union Territory ko agar aap jaante ho, padhe ho, toh Union Territory ko kon administer karta hai? Lieutenant Governor, kahi kahi Commissioner, kahi kahi Administrator. Ye sirf sirf post ke naam hain, theek hai. Toh ye saare jo hain ye directly President ke andar kaam karte hain. Theek hai, isliye inhen Union Territory bola jaata hai. Directly Union ke andar hain. Ye koi State nahi hai. State mein apna legislative assembly hota hai, usme Chief Minister chune jaate hain, wo log rule karte hain, lekin Union Territory jo hain ye direct Union ke andar hain. Direct President in pe rule karti hai, theek hai. Toh President kin ke through rule karti hai? Toh Lieutenant Governor, Commissioner, Administrator, theek hai. Usually Lieutenant Governor rehte hain. Toh ye aapko yaad rakhna hai. Yaad rahega aapko? Chaliye, toh ye the kuch important executive powers. Iske alawa kuch aur hain, lekin hum sirf jo basic hain unhi tak padhenge, theek hai, zyada deep nahi ghusenge. Chaliye, aage badhte hain.
[14:31]Ab aate hain legislative powers mein. Toh legislative matlab niyam kanoon, Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha isse related hoga. Theek hai, Parliament se. Ab dekhiye, Lok Sabha aur Rajya Sabha ke jo session hain, theek hai, unko prorogue karna aur unko summon karna kiska power hai? Ye President ka hi power hai, theek hai. Toh wahi jo hota hai session ko bulaate hain, session ko pause kar sakte hain, theek hai, pause karke rakh sakte hain.
[15:05]Toh ye power hai President ka. Iske alawa ek important power maine pehle bhi discuss kiya tha ki wo Lok Sabha ko dissolve kar sakte hain, theek hai. Matlab Lok Sabha, poore Lok Sabha ki main baat kar raha hu, matlab is case mein hum, uh, Ministers ki baat nahi kar rahe hain. Government ki baat nahi kar rahe hain. Hum baat kar rahe hain Lok Sabha ko toh poora Lok Sabha ko wo dissolve kar sakte hain, theek hai.
[15:25]Jab wo dekhenge kahi kisi ka majority hi nahi ban raha hai, koi sarkar, koi confidence mein nahi aa sakti hai, theek hai, toh wo ise dissolve kar degi aur fir ek naye tarah se election hoga. Theek hai, ye power kiska hai, ye President ka hi power hai, bahut important power hai. Next, he addresses to the joint session of Parliament. Pehle bhi humne discuss kiya hai ki jo first session of Parliament hota hai every year, theek hai, first session beginning of the year ki dekhiye, main baat kar raha hu. Toh usko address karte hain, theek hai, hamare President, joint session of Parliament in the beginning of the year. Next, again padha hua point hai.
[15:58]He nominates 2 members in Lok Sabha and 12 members in the Rajya Sabha. Hum jab legislation padh rahe the tab humne dekha tha, isliye maine aapko legislation jo hai Indian Legislature, wo pehle hi padha diya hai taaki aapko ye sab kuch samajhne mein dikkat hi na ho. Theek hai. Toh do members Lok Sabha ke, jo ki kon the? Jo ki Anglo-Indian community ko represent karte the. Unko, saath hi 12 members jo Rajya Sabha jo ki field of art, culture, in se related rehte the, unko represent karte the, toh unko kon karta tha nominate? President. Toh ye jo nomination ka power hai Parliament mein, wo kiska hai? President ka. Ab ek naya point yaha pe aata hai. Dekhiye, he can promulgate ordinances. Theek hai, promulgate koi zyada bhaari word hai, dhyaan mat dijiye, bas ordinance wo la sakte hain, theek hai. Toh ordinance ke sath hamesha promulgate word hi use hota hai, theek hai. Toh ordinance kya hota hai? Ordinance ek tarah ka chota act hi hota hai, ek law hi hota hai. Toh kya hota hai, jab bhi hamare Parliament session mein nahi hai, theek hai, toh us samay humko immediate koi law chahiye, theek hai, kuch immediate ek dam abhi. Toh President use turant ek ordinance ke roop mein la sakti hai, theek hai. Ordinance ke roop mein laane ke baad kya hoga ki wo law ban jayega turant, lekin kya hai ki jab bhi next session baithegi, theek hai, next session jab bhi Parliament ki baithegi toh use bill karke pass karna hoga. Agar wo pass nahi kiya jayega Parliament se within six weeks, toh wo ordinance fir null and void ho jati hai, theek hai, toh wahi hota hai hamara ordinance. Chaliye, ordinance ke bare mein aapko basic idea rakhna hai aur kon hamare ordinance la sakte hain? Hamare President, theek hai, bahut important, bahut hi important power hai unka. Chaliye, aage badhte hain.
[17:34]Chaliye, aate hain Financial Powers mein. Yaha bhi kuch dekhe hue points milenge jaise no money bill can be introduced without recommendation of the President. Toh humne dekha tha ki money bill aur financial bill, do bill jo the, wo President ke recommendation pe hi start hote the aur sirf Lok Sabha mein start hote the, theek hai. Indian Legislature mein humne padha tha. Agar aap is video ko line se dekh rahe hain toh aapko koi dikkat nahi hogi. Aap video ko agar beech mein dekhenge toh aapko problem ho sakti hai. Theek hai. Toh line se main kahunga playlist mein ise line se serially dekhe. Chaliye, toh ek toh ho gaya no money bill aur finance bill can be introduced without recommendation of the President. Next dekhte hain ki wo contingency fund se jab lage ki zarurat hai kuch immediate kuch unforeseen expenditure aa gaya hai, theek hai, toh wo contingency fund se paise nikal sakte hain. Ab contingency fund kya hota hai? Dekhiye, contingency fund ek aisa fund hota hai jo emergency ke liye hi bana hota hai, theek hai. Kuch disaster aa gaya, kuch bhi ho gaya toh usme kuch paise hum jama karke rakhte hain, theek hai, ki wo ek dam emergency jab tak nahi aa jaye tab tak usse paise nahi nikalne hain. Toh isme se paise jo nikalne ka power hai wo kiske paas hai? President ke paas hai. Theek hai. Chaliye, aage badhte hain.
[18:44]Ab financial power hum padh rahe hain, toh wo Finance Commission ko bhi constitute karte hain. Har 5 year. Toh ek finance commission constitute hota hai har 5 saal pe. Theek hai, wo kon constitute karte hain? Hamare President. Theek hai. Chaliye, aage badhte hain.
[18:59]Ab aa jaate hain judicial power mein. Nyaaypalika se related power. Toh ek power toh abhi humne discuss kar liya tha appointment ka. Kisi Chief Justice aur judges ko Supreme Court aur High Court, dono ke Chief Justice aur judges ko kon appoint karta hai? Hamare President. Theek hai, basic ek dam ho gaya. Yaad ho gaya hoga ab tak kanthasth ho gaya hoga. Ab aage badhte hain. Ab dekhiye, unko kuch bhi doubt lage law se related, toh wo Supreme Court se advice le sakte hain. Direct Supreme Court se advice le sakte hain. Lekin ye jo advice Supreme Court unhe denge, wo unpe binding nahi hai. Ye zaroori nahi hai ki wo unhe mane, theek hai, jo advice de. Toh ye ek President ka power hai. Next hum dekh lete hain ki dekhiye bahut hi important power unka, bahut hi important power. Theek hai. Ki wo pardon de sakte hain. Pardon kya hota hai? Maafi, theek hai. Kisi ko koi court mein saza mili ho toh wo use pardon yani maafi de sakte hain, theek hai. Isme kai saare word hain, reprieve, respite, theek hai. Ab ye jitne bhi hain, in remission, theek hai. Ye saare word jo hai na ek tarah se pardon ka hi part hota hai. Pardon matlab maafi ho gayi poori tarah se, lekin ye jo, uh, reprieve ho gaya, respite ho gaya isme kya hota hai ki saza kam kar di gayi, saza badal di gayi, halka kar di gayi. Ye inka matlab hota hai. Toh inke detail mein mat jaiye. Inka matlab main jo isme keyword hai wo pardon hai, theek hai ki wo pardon de sakte hain. President yani saza ko kam kar sakte hain ya maaf kar sakte hain, theek hai. Kis tarah ke saza ko wo maaf kar sakte hain? Theek hai, aisa koi bhi case jisme, uh, jo court martial ne unhe saza diya ho jo punishment jo court martial ke through unhe mila ho, theek hai, aise kisi bhi case mein, theek hai. Agar aisa koi case hota hai jo ki Union law ko todta hai, theek hai, koi bhi offense jo ki Union law ko todta hai, theek hai, State law ye sab ko nahi, Union law ko todta hai, toh us case mein aaram se maafi de sakte hain aur aise koi bhi case jisme bhi death penalty di ho, toh aapne dekha hoga ki final jab Supreme Court se death penalty mil jaati hai toh log jaate hain President ke paas pardon ke liye apply karne, ki please inhein death penalty hata ke life imprisonment kar diya jaaye, kuch kam kar diya jaaye saza, theek hai. Matlab umr kaid de diya jaaye death penalty ke badle, faansi ke badle. Toh ye bahut hi important point hai President ka important power hai. Chaliye, ab aage badhte hain.
[21:09]Ab aate hain military power ke upar. Toh maine aapko pehle bhi bataya tha, pichle hi class mein President ke ki he is the supreme commander of the defense force of India. Jo hamare defense force hain yani army, navy, air force, theek hai. Army zameen ka, navy jal aur jo air force ho gaya, ye hamara vaayusena. Toh in teeno ke jo head hain, unko kon appoint karenge? Unko jo hai Chief of Army, Navy aur Air Force appoint karenge hamare President. Kyun? Kyunki he is the supreme commander. In sab ke upar aate hain hamare President. Theek hai, he is the supreme commander of defense force. Toh in sab ke Chief ko bhi kon appoint karenge? Hamare President. Toh appointment mein aapko kaafi kuch yaad rakhna hai, yaad rakhiyega President ka. Chaliye, aage badhte hain. Ab dekhiye, agar desh mein kabhi aisi sthiti aati hai ki hume war declare karna ho kisi desh pe ya fir war chal raha ho aur fir hume shanti declare karna ho, theek hai. Toh wo kon karenge? Hamare President hi karenge, theek hai. Bhale hi iske piche jo hamare Parliament hi kaam kar rahi hai, theek hai. Approval Parliament hi degi lekin iske piche jo final jo decision hoga wo President ka rehta hai, theek hai. Naam President ka hota hai. Chaliye, ye ho gaya military power. Ab aayenge hum sabse important hamare jo ab tak ke topic hai wo hai emergency powers, theek hai. Kyun? Jo bhi abhi padha humne, sab important hai. Yaha se lekin thode objective question zyada ban sakte hain, theek hai. Toh teen tarah ki emergency hoti hai. Emergency jise aapkaal bhi bola jata hai, theek hai. Toh President ke paas hi sirf power ho sakta hai ki wo proclaim kar sake emergency, bhale hi isme bhi Parliament ka hi hota hai ki Parliament ya Prime Minister unke madad se hi emergency hota hai. Lekin ye proclaim hamare President hi karenge, theek hai, teen tarah ke emergency hote hain. Sabse pehle hota hai national emergency. Ye kis article mein mentioned hai? 352, bahut important hai, yaad karna hai. Next hota hai state emergency jise President rule bhi kaha jaata hai. Toh state emergency toh har dar hote rehti hai. Aapne dekha hoga kisi state mein suppose hum dekhte hain ki utna stable government nahi hai, theek hai, koi majority hi nahi aa raha hai, toh us case mein waha pe President rule aa jata hai. Theek hai, President ke andar direct chala jata hai. Toh use hi state emergency kaha jaata hai. Toh ye kis article mein hai? 356. Ye kaafi hote rehta hai. Third hai financial emergency. Financial emergency article 360 mein mentioned hai. Toh hum yaha dekh rahe hain chaar-chaar ke antar pe hain isliye aapko yaad karne mein dikkat nahi hogi. 352 plus 4 kar denge 356, plus 4 kar denge 360. Bas aap is order ko confuse mat kariyega. Pehle national emergency, fir state emergency, fir financial emergency. Ye teen act matlab one of the most important acts hain agar articles hain agar 10 article main agar yaad karne bolu sirf toh isme ye teeno article zarur aayenge, theek hai, aise main sirf 10 main aapko bolunga nahi. Chaliye, aage badhte hain.
[24:02]Chaliye, ab start karte hain national emergency ko. Toh national emergency jese maine bataya article konsa hai? 352. Ab is case mein kya hota hai? Ab ye kis ground pe kiya jaata hai? Jab lage President ko ki country jo hai kisi war ki situation mein hai ya external aggression hai ya fir armed rebellion hai. Teeno ka matlab kya ho gaya? War ka situation toh aap samjh rahe hain ki kisi desh se hamara jo hai war ho raha ho. Theek hai, toh us case mein ho sakta hai ki President soche ki nahi emergency ka situation declare kar dena chahiye. Next kya hota hai ki external aggression. External aggression is again kind of a war hi, theek hai. Lekin bas, second hume bas abhi information mili hai ki bahar se external aggression chalu hua hai hamare desh mein, theek hai. Third kya hota hai? Armed rebellion. Hamare desh ke andar hi rebellion ho raha hai jo ki armed ho, theek hai. Toh suppose kuch groups hamare mil gaye hain jo ki taiyari kar rahe hain ki kuch, uh, ghatit kiya jaaye toh usko agar shak hota hai President ko aisa toh usi case mein ek national emergency ghooshit ki jayegi us armed rebellion ko rokne ke liye, first priority ho jayega. Theek hai. Toh ab tak hamare desh mein teen baar lag chuka hai national emergency 1962 war tha, aapko pata hai 71 war again, 75 Indira Gandhi ji ke time pe, theek hai. Toh ye teen aapko yaad rakhna hai date, saath hi saath ye article yaad rakhna hai. National emergency toh aap ab samjh hi gaye honge. Chaliye, aage badhte hain.
[25:23]State emergency maine abhi bataya President rule jo state mein lagta hai use hi state emergency kaha jaata hai. Aapko yaad rakhna hai kya? Articles yaad rakhne hain, theek hai. Aur iska matlab kya hota hai? Aapko pata hi hai, failure of constitutional machinery in a state. Theek hai. Constitutional machinery jab fail ho jaaye ek state ka, theek hai. India mein itne saare state hain kisi ek state mein suppose hum dekhte hain ki utna stable government nahi hai, theek hai. Koi kisi ke paas motion, ye confidence nahi hai poore Legislative Assembly ka. Toh us case mein wo kiske andar chala jayega hamare President ke andar chala jayega, toh ye ho gaya state emergency. Chaliye, aage badhte hain.
[26:00]Final hai hamara financial emergency, article 360 mein. Toh financial emergency President tab la sakte hain jab unko aisa mehsoos hota hai ki jo financial stability hai desh ka, wo khatre mein hai, theek hai. Financial stability ya fir credit bahut zyada ho gaya hai, theek hai. Credit matlab loan, udhar. Desh jo hai na, us udhar ko chukane ki sthiti mein nahi hai, theek hai. Aur kuch yahi sab mein unhe lage ki financial instability ho raha hai desh mein toh wo financial emergency la sakti hai, theek hai. Abhi tak hamare desh mein financial emergency nahi laga hai, theek hai, ye achhi baat hai bahut. Theek hai, toh teeno emergency aap samjh gaye honge. To isi ke saath jo hai hum video ko yahi samapt karte hain. President ka aapko sabhi topic aapko lagta hai yaad ho gaya hoga. Theek hai, yaad rakhiye jo articles humne padhe wo toh zarur yaad rakhiye. Article 52 se leke 61, again 352, 356, 360, ye sab toh zarur yaad rakhna hai. Bahut important articles hain. Theek hai. Toh chaliye is video ko yahi samapt karte hain. Ummeed karte hain aapko video achha laga hoga. Agar achha laga hai toh please like kar de. Kaafi support milta hai aapke like karne se, theek hai. Aap jo comments dete hain, ache ache comments dete hain, bahut hi achha lagta hai. Toh share bhi kariye apne dosto ke saath aur agar channel ko subscribe nahi kiya hai toh please channel ko subscribe kar le. Thank you again for watching this video. Goodbye.
