[0:00]Maximum cheeze apne ek manual ke saath aati hai. jo yeh batati hai ki cheezo ko kaise use karna hai, kaise rakhna hai unka main purpose kya hai. Usi tarah har Act, har legislation apne ek Preamble ke saath aata hai. jiske baare me hum jaanenge aaj ki is video me.
[0:31]Hey everybody main hu Priya aur aap dekh rahe hain Finology Legal. Aaj ki is video me hum Constitution me dikhne wali pehli cheez Preamble ke baare me baat karenge. To Preamble liya gaya hai ek Latin word Praeambulus se jiska matlab hota hai to go before, Introduction. Aaj ki is video me hum try karenge ki Preamble se related jo bhi important questions hai hum un sab ko cover kare. To pehla important question yeh hai ki Preamble hota kya hai. To apne word of origin ki tarah Preamble kisi bhi Act, kisi bhi Legislation ke liye uska ek introductory statement hota hai. jo us Act ke main purpose ke baare me, uski philosophy, uske uses, uske ideas and inspirations, uske main principles aur uske objective ke baare me baat karta hai. To Preamble yeh sari cheeze karta hai. Bahut sare logo ne yeh bhi kaha hai ki ek Preamble ek tarike ka blueprint ya naksha jaisa hota hai. To agar aap kisi bhi Act ke Preamble ko dekh lo to aapko automatically samajh me aa jayega ki wo Act mainly kya baat karta hai. Dusra important question yeh hai ki Preamble kisne banaya? Who drafted the Preamble? To jab humara Constitution bana rahe the tab Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru ne Constituent Assembly ke samne ek draft present kiya. ki humara Constitution kaisa hona chahiye. Logo ko kya rights milenge, kya liberties milengi yeh sare ideas aur expressions us draft me contained the. Is draft ko kehte hain Objective Resolution jo inhone present kiya 13th December 1946 ko. Isi Objective Resolution ko as a Preamble adopt kar liya gaya 22nd January 1947 ko. Ab jab se Preamble bana hai use sirf ek hi bar modify sirf ek hi bar amend kiya gaya hai 42nd Amendment Act ke through. jisse Preamble me teen naye words add kiye gaye the. Kon se kon se? Socialist, Secular aur Integrity. Ab Preamble ke kuch important words dekhte hain. To Preamble me dikhne wali pehli line hai 'We the People of India'. Yeh jo line hai yeh Indian Constitution ke source ko establish karti hai, power ko establish karti hai. To is line ka matlab yeh hua ki India ka jo Constitution hai yeh kisi external force ne koi outside power ne aake nahi banaya hai. Nahi, Indian Constitution ko India ke logo ne hi banaya hai, India ke log hi Indian Constitution ka source hai. Kaise? Logo ki behalf me Constituent Assembly ne Constitution bana ke hume diya hai. To Indian Constitution ka source kya hua? We the People of India. Iske baad Preamble me dikhne wale panch important words Sovereign, Socialist, Democratic, Republic aur Secular. Yeh jo words hai yeh Indian Constitution ke nature ko define karte hain. Vahin iske baad dikhne wale char important words Justice, Liberty, Equality aur Fraternity Indian Constitution ki objectives ko establish karte hain. Aur 26th November 1949, yeh jo date di gayi hai yeh batati hai ki Indian Constitution ko adopt kab kiya gaya tha. To Indian Constitution ka jo Preamble hai wo ek introductory statement aur guide ke saath-saath Constitution ke source, uska nature aur uski objectives ke baare me hi baat karti hai. Ab hum Preamble ke kuch important words ko samajhte hain. To pehla important word hai Sovereign, jiska matlab yeh hai ki India ek independent country hai jo apne internal matters khud manage kar sakti hai. Koi bhi external power India ki internal matters me interfere nahi kar sakta. Next word hai Socialist, jise 42nd Amendment Act ke through insert kiya gaya tha. Ab generally Socialist word ko hum Communist Theory se relate karte hain. jiska matlab yeh hota hai ki means of production par government ka ya to wholly ya to partially control hoga. Par Preamble me jo Socialist word use kiya gaya hai yeh Mahatma Gandhi aur Jawaharlal Nehru ki Philosophy se inspired hai. jiska objective hai ek Welfare State establish karna. Matlab poverty, ignorance, inequality of opportunities yeh sari cheezo ko society se khatam karna. Next word hai Secular. Ise bhi insert kiya gaya tha 42nd Amendment ke through. Secular ka matlab yeh hua ki State ka khud ka koi religion nahi hoga. Bahut sare desho me Secular word ko Anti Religion ya opposed to Religion bhi define kiya gaya hai. Jaise France me jahan pe publicly aap religion practice nahi kar sakte. Ya phir USSR jahan par pehle even private life me aap religion practice nahi kar sakte the. Par India me Secular word ko positively use kiya gaya hai. India has Positive Secularism jiska matlab yeh hua ki State ka to khud ka koi religion nahi hoga. Par individuals freely kisi bhi religion ko practice, profess aur propagate kar sakte hain aur apne religious institutions ko bhi manage kar sakte hain. Iske baad aata hai Democracy. To demo ka matlab hota hai people aur cracy ka matlab hota hai rule. To Democracy ka matlab hua Rule of the People. Ab Indian Constitution me jo Democracy word use kiya gaya hai iska matlab yeh hai ki jo government hai wo logo ki authority se banegi. The government will be formed by the will of the people. Ab Democracy do tareeke ki hoti hai direct aur indirect. India me we have indirect jise representative form of democracy bhi kehte hain. Aur 18 years of age ke baad every citizen gets a right to vote. Ab India ke real head kon hai? Prime Minister. Aur nominal head kon hai? President. Yeh dono hi country ke elected heads hain. To humara jo next word hai Republic yeh monarchy ka opposite hua. Matlab jo Head of the State hai wo elected hai na ki nominated by heredity. Heredity dwara selected nahi hai. To Super 30 movie me jo dialogue tha ki raja ka beta hi raja banega wo hai yeh statement aur iska just opposite hota hai Republic. Ab Preamble se related aur exam point of view se do bahut important questions yeh hain ki kya Preamble Constitution ka part hai? Aur kya Preamble ko amend kiya ja sakta hai? In dono hi questions ko hum ek saath bahut hi aasani se samjhenge. Par iske liye ek aur provision ka janna zaruri hai. Wo hai Article 368 jo baat karta hai Parliament ki power ki. To Article 368 ke through Parliament Constitution me amendment kar sakti hai. Article 368 is power of Parliament to make amendment to the Constitution. Hamara pehla case hai Re Berubari Union and Exchange of Enclaves ka. Is case me Supreme Court ne kya kaha ki Article 368 ke through Parliament Constitution ke kisi bhi part ko amend kar sakti hai. Par Preamble jo hai wo Constitution ka part hai hi nahi. Isliye Article 368 ke through Preamble ko amend nahi kiya ja sakta. Yeh kaha gaya tha is case me. Par is case me Supreme Court se ek galti ho gayi. Unhone yeh point notice nahi kiya ki Constitution ki baki parts ki tarah Preamble ko bhi same procedure se adopt aur enact kiya gaya tha. Yeh point jo yahan miss hua yeh observe kiya gaya tha Kesavananda Bharti versus State of Kerala ke case me. Jisme Supreme Court ne yeh kaha ki Constitution ke baki parts ki tarah Preamble ko bhi same procedure se adopt aur enact kiya gaya tha. Iska matlab kya hua ki Preamble bhi Constitution ka part hai. To Article 368 me apni powers ka use karte hue Parliament Constitution ke kisi bhi part ke saath-saath Preamble ko bhi amend kar sakti hai. Yeh kaha gaya tha Kesavananda Bharti ke case me. To is case me kya kaha gaya ki Preamble is not a part of the Constitution and it cannot be amended. Par ek important point miss ho gaya tha. Yeh point realize kiya gaya is case me. Jisme yeh kaha gaya ki Preamble is a part of the Constitution aur Preamble ko amend kiya ja sakta hai. Par jaise ki humne is pure video me yeh dekha ki Preamble bahut sare important features, bahut sare basic features ki baat karta hai. To Article 368 ka use karte hue Parliament Preamble ko amend to kar sakti hai par uske basic features ke saath chhedchhad nahi kar sakti hai. Basic features cannot be amended. Ab aap yeh sochenge ki 42nd Amendment Act ke through to Preamble me teen words add kiye gaye the, wo kaise hua? To 42nd Amendment Act se jo teen words add kiye gaye the wo Preamble ke basic features ke saath chhedchhad nahi kar rahe the. Un teen words ne Preamble me aur strength add ki hai. Unhone basic feature ko nahi chheda. To yeh tha aaj ka video Preamble ke upar. Agar aapko Preamble se related koi bhi doubt ho to do let me know in the comment section. Iske saath hi mere law ke different courses ke bare me aap jankari pa sakte hain learn.finology.in par. Aur Instagram par mujhe follow kar sakte hain finologylegal ke naam se. Umeed karti hu ki aaj ka yeh video aapko pasand aaya ho. That's it for now, see you in the next class, bye bye.
