[0:00]Hello, Namaskar, welcome to Inculcate Learning. Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) is here. Before this, we have already talked about Computer Assisted Instructions (CAI). I must have told you there that CAI is about giving instructions with the help of a computer, which we often call software-based instructions. So sometimes questions come up where software is included, software-based, if you find something like that, then those will be CAI. Okay, today we will talk about Computer Assisted Learning (CAL). Learning is a slightly larger ambit than instructions, in which something is being taught with the help of a computer. Okay, so this is presented by me, Ravina. If you find the videos informative, then like, share, and subscribe to Inculcate Learning, obviously, and now let's discuss CAL. So CAL is any learning, we simply know that learning is happening with the help of a computer. So basically, suppose a teacher is teaching you by showing you a PPT, what are they doing? Or showing some video on that presentation or presenting any extra thing or something with the help of a projector, okay, or with the help of a computer, as we say. So any learning, what will happen in that? Now the teacher will not teach you how they made the PPT or how they did anything, they are explaining things to you. So in this, there will be no direct interaction between the user and a human instructor in order to run. That is, when you run that PPT or show that thing to you, there will be no interaction between the human instructor and the user, they are just being taught something with the help of a computer. And this computer-assisted learning, how is it developed? It is developed by combining knowledge, that is, by combining knowledge from every field, learning, or Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and cognition. So in this way, it is prepared by including everything completely. It is an interactive instruction technique. We can also call it an instruction technique because we already told you that instructions will automatically be involved in learning. So don't get confused that it only had instructions, this has learning, but it also talks about instructions. So in CAI, what are there? Only instructions are there, that is, for monitoring your learning or for giving instructions, some software is being developed, such things, so that computer-assisted instructions can be given. In learning, both things will be included, instructions will automatically be included in it. So this is an interactive technique where with the help of a computer, instructional material is used to present for the learning-teaching process. It is useful for teachers, as I just told you, like a teacher taught you with PPT, when to convey a vast amount of information, when you have focused, so a very big topic or a wide topic, then PPT is used more. When the topic is very normal or it has a small amount of information. So the more information there is, the more it is tried to give computer-assisted learning because it will take less time. You just have to show presentations or you have to explain about them, you can discuss them quickly comparatively. First, it is taught by writing on the board, and second, the same information is present in front of you on the screen and you are explaining it. And second, the program does not replace a lecture. So we are talking about computer-assisted learning, so it is being taught by assisting, but it will not completely replace the teacher here, okay?
[3:55]It will not completely replace the lecturer. While this learning material will include it as a learning resource, that an additional method has been added for explaining things, that with the help of a computer, so that learning can be enhanced and learning can be better. The main focus is on learning, but this learning material will not completely replace the lecture or the teacher. Now what can be the types? There can be many types of computer-assisted learning. For example, drill and practice. It may be that I include many in this, even after that, if some remain, then you can check that too. Right, so drill and practice is that you have already taught something to the child, but now what are you doing? Suppose you have practiced their MCQs with the help of a computer, okay, on that, or if a lot is available to you, a computer is available for every child in the class. So you can run a test or quiz on it, which will help the children to learn those things. If you have focused, then we have many apps in our phone. Suppose you want to prepare Haryana GK or you want to prepare questions related to the constitution. So there are many such applications related to that. So those apps already have many MCQs, which you will tick, you will know if it was correct, then it turns green, otherwise it turns red. So what will happen with that, your practice can be repeated. Okay, so these things can be used for drill and practice. Tutorials can be there on this, like if you see any program or any app on MOOC, then what happens there, the teacher is showing you there on the projector, running some tutorial, to tell the children some new content about that, okay, so tutorials can be there, in which the computer will assume the role of a tutor.
[5:46]Because whatever things are running there, it is being spoken there and you are only trying to understand it. Problem-solving can be there. Problem-solving software allows learners to see the results of their reactions to various events. Learners manipulate variables and feedback is provided based on their manipulations. Though it is sometimes difficult to provide feedback based on individual choices of students without the computer. As I just told you, those apps will have MCQs or questions will be there, you will have options like 1, 2, 3, 4. So they will immediately, whether it is a problem or some equations, or MCQs, any other particular factual MCQs. So there you will get to see the results instantly. For example, even during Corona time, when online teaching increased, so during online teaching, students had all the things on their phones, and on that it was shown that okay, you have to attempt this assessment, this test, or many things. So that will also be a type of computer-assisted learning. There is a simulation. Sometimes what happens is that we don't have to take the risk of time or expenses or risk. So we take the help of computer-assisted learning and in that, we first try to do that thing with the help of a computer. We try to attempt it. If it feels better, then we take that risk. Okay? So any real-life scenario will be provided to you. For example, your games, right? In which you just have to sit on that bike or car and on the computer in front of you, those things are running, okay?
[7:18]So that is one way you can learn to balance on it or see things. If you know, then the training of these pilots, as far as I know, is also in computer-assisted mode. Where they are just taught and there is a screen in front of them and they are given a real-life scenario so that they can learn. Obviously, on the first day of training, they can't be given a plane to fly, right? But they are trained first. So that training is in a way a simulation mode, we can say, because where there is more risk of life or property, or risk of time, expense risk. So wherever there is more risk associated, there we can use this technique once. Discovery, this also gives a good opportunity so that children can draw their own conclusions about anything. It allows learners to seek the answers on his own. It provides a large database of information, specific to a course. For any course, you can present more things with the help of a computer there.
[8:22]Laboratory Mode: Here, many times, like in chemistry experiments, you are shown things on the screen, that you took a beaker, took any chemical A, in that chemical A, when you put chemical B in the test tube, you mixed it. So they will show you mixing it, then they will further show you that its color has changed. It was colorless before, but now it has turned pink, right? So you can show such things to children there with the help of a computer. Oh, yes, obviously, it will come in its disadvantage that the children will not have first-hand experience, they are just watching things there. Then with the help of games, which I told you, one example, the one about games just now. The second is that you can teach this thing to children even while playing, like nowadays these animated cartoons or with their help, the things that happen, or through cartoons, some story is being explained, or a quiz is being conducted, or children are being made to play, okay? So all those things, although the games part will be more helpful at the elementary level, at the elementary grade, in which the learners are young, young learners, okay?
[9:44]Games can substitute worksheets or exercises because you are asking children there itself. Okay, if we talk about the advantages, then obviously, drilling, we had read a part of it, so practice can happen in it, you can do a lot of practice in it. So the low aptitude students, the low, so they what? They can practice again and again. And when that happens, practice makes man and woman perfect. So those things, here we can use computer-assisted learning for practice too. It enhances reasoning and decision-making abilities. So this will also be helpful in that. It works as a multi-media providing audio-visual inputs. Teacher told you many things, or when we told lab experiments, so what is it? It's a, in which sensory organs are used more, so through multimedia purpose, more things are shown here. That whatever you are speaking is also being heard, you are also being shown, or something is being shown in 3D animation, so all those things will be helpful in this. Next is, it enables the student to understand concepts clearly with the use of stimulating techniques such as animation, blinking, graphical display, etc. So with this, children participate actively and are also able to learn well. A wide range of experiences will come in this. Obviously, there will be some difference, right? That on one hand, your teachers, what are they doing? They are just sitting in the class and speaking and leaving, okay? Now, what is the second thing? On one hand, they showed you a PowerPoint presentation, or in that, they showed some video, or showed some other thing, okay? So that will make the students' experience wide. It forces active participation on the part of the student in contrast to passive role in reading a book or attending a lecture. As I told you, children will participate, not that when you are reading a book or attending a lecture, then what happens is that children are passively grabbing things, in that children's role is passive. But in this, children's role will be active. So obviously, when you actively listen to something, you will listen with interest and will be able to learn more things from there. By enabling students to manipulate concepts directly and explore the results of such manipulations. That is, with the help of a computer, as we said, we can use simulation techniques, that we are first trying it on it.
[11:51]Then what will happen if we change something? So you will also know that change. So what is it? You can do such experiments in your learning process in this. Information is presented in structured form. There will be information in a structured form. It proves useful in the study of a subject where there is a hierarchy of facts and rules. Like many times what we do, we read classifications in science. So those classifications happen in continuity, right? So that continuity does not break and those things are taught to you in a structured way, so for that also, computer-assisted learning is better. CAL is individualized, that is each student is free to work at his own place, totally unaffected by the performance of any other students. So those things, what can they do? They can study anywhere by sitting once, if we are doing computer-assisted learning. Like in online teaching, we did learning by sitting in our own homes, right? So that is one way, computer-assisted learning. It utilizes a reporting system that provides the student with a clear picture of his progress. Because children get a clear picture that you have attempted the questions and after those questions, what was your score? Whatever it is, suppose it was 9 out of 10, for someone it was 4 out of 10.
[13:06]So you will know your progress. Okay, so students, where do they have to work, like many times what we do, we give a mock test and see, in that mock test, we get to know that our, any topic, suppose theories, or learning theories, you are getting wrong questions from them. So you will know where the mistake is happening easily. Okay, so it will be helpful for that too. Disadvantages, obviously, everything has it, so there will be administrative problems. Now we are saying that the teacher will teach through a projector or will give presentations, but where did that projector come from, right? So developing that infrastructure in the school is also a big task. Maintaining the hardware and if something gets damaged, getting it fixed again, so that also becomes a big challenge in terms of infrastructure. So we can include it in administrative problems. Problems particularly related to physical location of the computer resources, the cost of hardware maintenance and insurance and time-tabling. So computer installation related to quite a few things can be issues. Real costs associated with the development of CAL systems. So for making computer-assisted learning, for that system, then in that, as I just told you, installing computers or getting projectors fitted, getting them installed, so that's actual cost, money is being spent there, brother. So real cost associated development is in a way there, expenses are there in it, so that will be a disadvantage. CAL packages may not fulfil expectations of teachers. So you have seen that you have searched a lot on YouTube, but you did not find anything useful for you. It's the same like that, that whatever your expectation is, or suppose you read a book, that book is not up to the mark, the teacher is thinking something even better, but they are not getting anything like that to present it or to explain it, okay? So that can be different, that the thinking of two different teachers will also be different. So from there, what can happen is that the already existing programs, they may not be helpful for you. Motivating and training teachers to make use of computers in education is a challenging task. So teachers also, because they also have to prepare PPTs, right? Now, on one hand, the teacher is preparing PPTs and bringing them from home and explaining them, on the other hand, they are coming and giving their class using the chalk and board method or the lecture method. So there is a difference in that too. So the disadvantage will be that motivating teachers to give education with the help of computers is also a challenging task. Many times they are afraid of the new device itself. Like nowadays, mothers are like, if I tell my mother that you should learn computer or try using it at home, but they say, no, no, something will go wrong or something will, I mean, something will break. So that fear, of using a new device, because they haven't done it yet. We are used to it, we have been doing it from the beginning. So that's what we call a generation gap. So what happened here, and they may also be unwilling that they don't want to spend extra time, right? So that they may be unwilling to spend extra time for preparation, selection and use of CAL packages. Because, suppose the teacher is in school, but at home, they are someone's mother or wife. So at home, they will not want to spend extra time, right? So they may also be unwilling that no problem, I will teach like this, or I will teach, and they don't have to prepare, select different packages or how to use what, or if the child does not understand, to explain in some other way. So all those things, as a teacher, you should also be willing, right? And then the same thing comes, that you will be able to become a good teacher or not, because on one hand you just go and teach as you have been teaching for so long. On the other hand, how do you modify things, what other techniques can you use so that children understand, right? So this can be a disadvantage there, that you are not willing. Content covered by a CAL package may become outdated. As I just told you that the teacher's, suppose it is not clashing or their thinking is not matching that this package is correct or this learning material is better. So many times it happens that the previous programs associated with those things, they become outdated, or the syllabus changes, so those things are no longer useful, so things can become outdated. Rapid development of hardware makes it difficult to select a system before it becomes obsolete. If a new system is installed by a maximum number of institutions, that may not get courseware required for the system and courseware developed so far may become useless. So it's the same thing that running things everywhere in the same way and running those things in a maintained way. Because many times what happens is that many things change or we develop more. Suppose you had Windows 7 in your laptop before, okay, it was Windows 7, now you put 10, by then 11 came. So that modification keeps happening everywhere. That modification is for betterment, although, but being able to change so rapidly within the system, that comes in a disadvantage. Though simulation permits execution of chemical and biological experiments, hand-on experience is missing. As I told you that you took a beaker or inside it you saw that something was put in the test tube and its color changed or there is some experiment, or there is some biology experiment. So those experiments look very good, but first-hand experience is missing, right? So that hand-on-hand experience is missing. CAL packages cannot develop manual skills, obviously, as I told you, hand-on-hand experience is missing, so manual skills like how to hold a test tube, how to hold a fusion tube, or how to work in the lab. Or so that experimental work, that is not developed, skills are not developed there. It may be regarded simply as a novelty rather than integral part of the educational process. That is, in the educational process, we can consider that we have added something new through computer-assisted learning, but completely, I mean, considering it as an integral part, that becomes a bit problematic because we also have infrastructure and other things that get messed up. So this is what we have read, computer-assisted learning. Before this, we have done computer-assisted instructions. Now comes computer-based training, computer-managed learning. So you will get to see these in the next videos on the channel. So this was all about today. Keep smiling. Thank you so much for watching. If the videos are informative, then like, share, and subscribe to Inculcate Learning. This is me smiling. Okay, thank you so much for watching.
