Sandifer Syndrome

[0:06]In this video, we will discuss Sandifer syndrome in newborns. Sandifer syndrome is a movement disorder that affects infants. Babies with Sandifer syndrome twist and arch their backs and throw their heads back. The child may also have abnormal involuntary eye movements. This can happen as much as 10 times a day. It is to say the least often very stressful for parents, but, as we will discuss in a moment, it usually looks and feels a lot worse than it is, and the condition will almost always work itself out without serious complication. This condition is usually caused by gastroesophageal reflux or GERD. It may be seen in children who are perfectly normal, but it is usually seen in children that have some neurological delays. Sandifer syndrome occurs in children with GERD and causes irritability, frequent regurgitation after feeds, and episodes of arch back, crying and movements. Arching and twitching are believed to be related to the discomfort induced by GERD. The involuntary movements of Sandifer syndrome occur after feeding because they are related to the issues in the baby's upper digestive tract that are similar to acid reflux. The cause of Sandifer syndrome is not clearly understood, although the condition is believed to be closely related to acid reflux disease. In fact, almost all babies with Sandifer syndrome are also diagnosed with acid reflux or a milk protein allergy. Sandifer syndrome generally goes away on its own by the time the baby turns two. While the condition itself is not usually of great concern, Sandifer syndrome is more commonly seen in children who have developmental delays and psychomotor deficits. Again, kids who have no delays can get sandifer's. It is just more common in children who are experiencing delays in meeting milestones. Diagnosing Sandifer syndrome is very difficult because the symptoms of the condition often resemble many other disorders and conditions. The most reliable method for accurately diagnosing Sandifer is an MII test which measures the flow of fluids, air, and solids in the esophagus. The doctor may also perform tests to rule out other conditions. For example, a CT scan will reveal any muscle abnormalities and video EEG monitoring.