کتب عقیدہ و فقہ میں منھج | علمی مہارت کا حصول | شیخ سیف اللہ ثناءاللہ

[0:09]Alhamdu salatu wassalamala nabiyil amin amma baad. Aaj hum Inshallah baat karenge akide ke kutub ke mutalliq. Sheikh farmate hain almanhajiyatu fi qiraati kutub ul aqiidah. Yani aqaid ki kitabon ko padhne ke liye kya karna chahiye? Toh Sheikh farmate hain kutub ul etiqad salaf qismain, Salaf ke haan etiqad ke jo kitabein woh do qism ke hain. Ek hai, ijmaali aitikadi kitabein. Woh kitabein jismein ijmalan generally speaking.

[0:46]Moti moti batein badi badi thodi si batein bas tafseelaat mein nahi dusri jo hai kutub almufassalah fi masaili kul masailin min masaili aqidah yani har masla, itiqadi har masle ko us kitab ne touch kiya aur uske mutalliq baat ki hai to usmein yeh hai. Toh sabse pehle Sheikh farmate hain ismein methodology kya hai, kya hai tariqa kaar manhajiat kya hai? Toh Sheikh farmate hain number one atdarraju fil qiraah. Yani ismein bhi aapne step by step padhna hai. Pehle choti kitabein, phir mutawasit kitabein, phir badi kitabein. Ek dum badi chhalange nahi marni. Dusra jo tariqa hai woh kya hai? woh bolte hain ki agar aapne kisi ek specific masle mein yani koi mutawal kitab padhni hai to phir kya karenge aap? Aap usmein badi cheez ko padh lenge. Aur teesri cheez zabtu haadhihil manhajiyah. Teesri cheez yeh hai ki aapne us manhajiat ko ek framework mein band karna hai aur yeh tarteeb hai. Toh aap mukhtasar se mutawasit, phir mutawasit se mutawwal mein jayenge. Chauthi cheez min khilali tilkal manhajiyatu ya'rifu at-talibu masailal mutaqaddimin. Aur is tariqe se woh yeh jaan lega ke mutaqaddimin ka manhaj kya hai. Ke woh mukhtasaraat batayega jese ki Sheikh ul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Qayyim, Ibn A'imma Da'wah.

[2:10]Toh yeh sare tariqa kaar se woh guzrega. Toh phir jab banda in masail, in tariqe se guzarta hai, toh phir woh ilm hasil karne lagta hai. Misal ke taur par, Misal ke taur par jab woh in cheezo se guzarta hai, toh usko pata chal jata hai ke masla kidhar hai. Tasawwur yani masle ko tasawwur karne mein aur usmein koi agar galti ho toh bande ko pata chal jata hai. Misal ke taur par, ma warada fi kutubi ahlil sunnati al mutaqaddimin minatt ta'ni wal kalama ala abi hanifata rahimahullah. wa rafa'a darajatahu fil jannah. Falau nazara ahadun fi kutubi ahlil sunnati al mutaakhireen lau wajadahum hajaru haadhal kalama wa tarakuh. Yani Bol rahe hain ki agar aap mutaqaddimin ki kutub e sunnah mein dekhenge aqeede ki toh usmein aap ko Imam Abu Hanifah ke upar ta'an aur kalam milega kuch na kuch. Lekin agar aap mutaakhireen ki kutub ul aqeede mein dekhenge toh usmein aap dekhenge unhone us pe kalam nahi kiya. Isi tarah Sheikh ul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ke kitabon mein bhi aapko kahin nahi milega ke unhone Imam Abu Hanifah ke mutalliq koi aisi baat kahi ho jismein muzammat ho ya usmein koi yani aisi baat ho. Toh iska kya matlab hai? Iska matlab hai Sheikh farmate hain lianna tilkal fatwa kana laha waqtuha wa dhuruufha. Kyunki us waqt jo yeh fatwa diya gaya tha uske apne dhuruuf apne yani woh ibn ul waqt yani us waqt ke masail mein se tha. Isliye aap dekhte hain ki mutaakhireen ki kitabon mein yeh nahi milta. Balki Imam yani Imam Abu Hanifah ke difa mein keh lein ya a'imma e awam ke ikhtilaf ke mutalliq Sheikh ul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ne badi behtareen kitab likhi hai Raf'ul Malam anil a'imma al a'lam. Theek hai ji? Yani a'imma e a'lam se malamat ko hatana. Sheikh farmate hain min ayna ya'til khalalu fi man yaqra'u al kutub al mutaqaddimah qabla qiraati al kutub al mutaakhira. Sheikh farmate hain ki kidhar se khalal paida hoti hai jo banda mutaqaddimin ki kutub padhta hai mutaakhireen ki kutub se pehle? Toh Sheikh farmate hain kyunki salaf ke aqwal, salaf ke jo mutaqaddimin ki jo kitabein hain unke ek ahwal hain, unki ek scenarios hain, unka ek siaq o sibaq hai, unka ek environment hai. Toh jab tak aap un cheezon ko nahi samjhenge toh aap us zamane ke mutalliq, us zamane ke fitne, us zamane ke fitne aur mazahib aur aqwal toh phir aap kya karenge? Aap yani baad mein jaake usmein khalal paida hoga. Isi liye Sheikh ul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ne yani fataqa dhalika al kalama alimna annahu tarakahu li sababin wa manhajin yasiru alaihi. Aur jab Ibn Taymiyyah ne uske upar kalam chhod diya to isse humein pata chala ki yeh kisi na kisi wajah se chhodi hai aur uski koi na koi manhaj hai. Theek hai ji? Isi liye Sheikh Salih al Sheikh farmate hain ki isi liye jab baaz a'immat Da'wah al Najdiyah ne Kitab us Sunnah jo Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal Rahimahullah ki kitab hai usko jab chhapa to usmein pura ek baab jo Imam Abu Hanifah ki muzammat par tha usko unhone hata diya. Aur usmein unhone koi bahs, koi haraj nahi jana. Hal inti'a hum hadha laisa min adab al amaanah ilmiya? Yani woh bolte hain ki yeh jo unhone nikala kya yeh amanaat ilmiyah ke khilaf nahi hai? Balki Sheikh farmate hain bal hiya amanatun. Kyunki Sheikh farmate hain amanat yeh hai ki hum sirf muallifaat ko qubul na kar le jese ke woh hai. Balki amanat yeh hai ki hum baqau al ummah, ummah ala wahdatiha fil aqeeda wal mahabbah. Yani hum ummat ki hifazat karein aqeedat aur muhabbat aur mawaddat mein. Toh isse humein pata chalta hai ki in cheezon ka khayal rakhna chahiye.

[5:40]Sheikh farmate hain ki ab yeh jo martaba hai paanchwa martaba, paanchwa level woh aakhri muntaha, kya aapke liye woh kya hai? Woh yeh hai ki ab woh jaake jinke upar radd kiya hai salaf ne unke aqwal ko padhna. Warna us jiske upar radd kiya gaya hai us radd ko padhne se pehle aap mardood alaih jiske upar radd kiya gaya usko nahi padhna chahiye shuru mein. Baad mein jab banda Mashallah ilm ka samandar ban jaye, pahad ban jaye, phir woh jaake usko padh sakta hai. Ab sawal paida hota hai Sheikh aqeede ki toh aapne batein kar li ab humein hadith ka bhi toh batayein. Toh Sheikh farmate hain al-manhajiyatou fi qiraati kutubi shuruhil hadith. Hadith ki jo shuruhat hai usko padhne ke kya manhajiyat aur kya methodology hai. Number one Sheikh farmate hain al-zabitu al-awwal sabse pehla tariqa kaar hai ke anna al-mas'alatul fiqhiya allati dhukirat fish shuruhu yakunu tafseeruha bihasabi madhhabish sharih. Jo fiqhi masail hai usmein aap jo sharih hai jo sharah likhne wala hai uske madhab ko padhein. Uske mustalahaat ko padhein. Usne yeh masla kaise tasawwur kiya? Toh yeh bahut hi zaroori hai ki aap masla sharah padhne se pehle jo sharih hai uska madhab usko jaanein, the author. Theek hai na? Achha ji dusra jo masla hai ek aur manhaji masla jo methodological hai woh yeh hai ki aap agar aapne fiqh ka ek masla janna hai toh aap direct shuruhatul hadith mein nahi jayenge, Sheikh yeh farma rahe hain. Dekhein mein aapko ek kitab padha raha hu toh udhar se mein aapko Sheikh ki baat naqal kar raha hu. Zaroori nahi ki mein muttafiq hu ya na hu woh abhi yeh woh woh marhala nahi aaya padhane mein kyunki abhi hamara ek tariqa kaar hai uske upar hum chal rahe hain. Toh Sheikh farma rahe hain ki talib ilm ko chahiye ki woh direct shuruhatul Hadith se fiqh aur samjhne ke liye woh na padhe. Pehle woh tasawwur ul mas'ala masle ko samjhne ke liye woh fiqh ki kitab ko padhe. Phir jaake sharh al-Hadith padhe, Sheikh yeh farmate hain. Sheikh ka yeh kehna hai. Aur Sheikh farmate hain ki aap uske liye phir kutub al-Fiqh mein dekhenge aur phir jaake aap kutub al-Hadith mein agar aap dekhna chahe phir jaake dekh sakte hain agar aap tasawwur al-mas'ala ke liye yani masle ko samjhne ke liye janna chahte hain. Kyunki fiqh mein zyada khol ke baat ki jaati hai ya usmein mazeed usmein masail ka zikr hota hai. Dusri baat jo Sheikh ne farmai dusra zabita, dusra rule woh yeh hai ki Sheikh farmate hain jo shuruhatul Hadith mein jo kitab hai unmein se baaz aisi hoti hain tasili shuruhatul Hadith. Woh shuruhatul Hadith jismein guftagu tasili ki gayi hai buniyadi ki gayi hai. Misal ke taur par, Kitab Jami'ul Uloom wal Hikam lil Hafiz Ibn Hajar lil Hafiz Ibn Rajab al Hanbali. Yani Jami'ul Uloom wal Hikam jo kitab hai jiske muallif kaun hai? Ibn Rajab al Hanbali. Yeh sharah hai Arba'een Nawawiyah ki. Theek hai na? Toh yeh masla is yeh kitab tasveer ul mas'ala ke liye bhi acha hai aur taseelat. Fundamental, foundational guftugu ke liye bhi tasili guftugu ke liye bhi. Dusri jo hai, kuch kitaben aisi hoti hai shuruhatul Hadith mein jo mujtahideen ke liye hai. Jo pohnche hue logo ke liye hai. Jo ek andaz mein ilm ki gehraiyon mein pohnch chuke hain. Toh un mein se misal ke taur par sharh al-Hadith mein Fath ul-Bari. Fath ul-Bari yeh mujtahideen ke liye kyun? Ismein ikhtilafat ka zikr hota hai, ismein mukhtalif dalail ka zikr hota hai. Ismein Mashallah yani ibarah aaliyah yani badi jo alfaaz ki gehrai bhi hoti hai aur gehrayi bhi hoti hai.

[9:21]Toh yeh isi liye jo banda yeh kehta hai na ki Hafiz Ibn Hajar faqih nahi the woh galti karta hai. Usko ilm nahi hai Hafiz Ibn Hajar ki faqa'hat ka. Usko jannane ke liye Fath ul-Bari padhein. Unke ibaarat, unki alfaaz ka chunao kis high level ka hai? Woh padhenge to pata chalega, lekin uske padhne ke level tak pohnchne ke liye aapko ilm chahiye. Achha ji isi tarah Sheikh farmate hain ek aur fayda yani janabiya woh bolte hain ki jo shuruhatul Hadith mein aapne yeh zehan mein rakhna hai ki woh aaj kal ki kutub ki tarah nahi hai. Us zamane mein jo likhi gayi thi uski jo masadir hai, haashiya hai, woh exactly waise hi hota hai jese ki woh hota hai. Achha ji isi tarah Sheikh farmate hain teesri jo teesra foundational guftugu yaani zabita framework of shuruhatul Hadith, Hadith ki sharh ke mutalliq Sheikh farmate hain ki zaroori nahi ke har sharah sharh Hadith ki jo kitab hai woh har fun ka mahir ho. Theek hai? Misal ke taur par koi sharih al-Hadith ek Hadith ki kitab ki sharh likhta hai kuch zaroori nahi ki woh lughat ka mahir ho. Ya zaroori nahi ki woh misal ke taur par farai'z ka mahir ho, zaroori nahi. Theek hai na ji? Misal ke taur par ya usool al-fiqh ka mahir ho. Misal ke taur par Sheikh farmate hain ki misal agar aapne neelul autar mein agar aapne nazar guzarai jo fiqh muqaran ya Hadith ki ek ala kitab hai shuruhatul Hadith ki, toh usmein aap dekhenge woh usool al-fiqh ki jo masail wa mubahis pe baat nahi karte. Kyun? Kyunki woh farmate hain ki toh maslan aap dekhenge ki woh usool al-fiqh pe kabhi baat karte hain tafseeli, kabhi nahi karte. Toh isse aapko pata chalta hai ki zaroori nahi ki banda har fun mein mahir ho. Theek hai ji? Achha ji isi tarah awal rabey to chauthi jo zabita ya chautha jo qaa'ida hai shuruhatul Hadith mein. Sheikh farmate hain, bahut kam aisa hota hai ki shuruhatul Hadith ki jo kitaben hain usmein aqeede ki chand baarik galtiyan na ho. Yani sometime there are minor issues of creed and aqeedah in the book of shuruhatul Hadith. Uski yani wajah kya hai? Uski wajah yeh hai ke Sheikh ne uski chand wajuhat bayan kiye ki unko aqeede ki cheezon mein ya us waqt ke jo mahol isi tarah maslan baaz shuruhatul Hadith mein kutub mein Hazrat Muawiyah Radhiyallahu Anhu ke upar laanat ta'an kiya gaya. Toh ismein humne kya karna hai? Ismein Sheikh farmate hain hamare liye hai ki humne unki us galti ki pairvi nahi karni. Humne unki haan mein haan nahi milani. We are not blind follower, hum andhe muqallid nahi hain. Theek hai ji? Kyunki hamare fiqhi ya fuqaha ya ulama ke haan ek qaa'ida hai ke annal aalima la yuttabau fi dhallatihi au a'la dhallatihi. Yani aalim ki galti ke agar woh galti kare hum uski pairvi nahi karenge. Isi liye Sheikh farmate hain ki baaz ulama yeh kaha karte the ke ihzaru dhallatul alim fa innahu idza dhalla dhalla bi dhallatihi al alamun.

[13:10]Yani aalim ki galti se khabardar ho jao kyunki jab aalim galti karta hai toh a'alam bhi uske piche galti karne lag jaati hai. Yani duniya wale bhi unke piche lag jate hain kyunki unko toh pata nahi. Theek hai ji? Toh hum Inshallah isi par ikhtifa karte hain. Iske baad hum phir baat karenge zarurat ul tafaqqah fid Deen.

[13:38]Deen mein faqahat hasil karne ki zarurat kyun hai? What is the importance of fiqh? Fiqh ki kya ahmiyat hai? Aur in mauzuat par baat karenge Allah Ta'ala humein maaf kare aur hidayat de. Barakallahu fikum wa akhiru da'wana anil Hamdulillahi Rabbil Aalameen Subhanakallahumma wa bihamdika ashhadu an la ilaha illa anta astaghfiruka wa atubu ilaik. Wassalamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.