کتب عقیدہ و فقہ میں منھج | علمی مہارت کا حصول | شیخ سیف اللہ ثناءاللہ

[0:08]Alhamdulillah rabbil alameen wal salatu wassalamu ala nabiyyil ameen amma ba'd. Aaj hum InshaAllah baat karenge aqeede ke kutub ke mutalliq. Sheikh farmate hain ke almanhajiyatu fi qiraati kutubil aqeeda. Yaani aqeede ki kitabon ko padhne ke liye kya karna chahiye? To Sheikh farmate hain, kitabul aitikadi indas salafi qismain. Salaf ke haan aitikad ke jo kitaben hain wo do qism ke hai. Ek hai ijmali aitikadi kitabe. Wo kitaben jisme ijmala generally speaking, yaani ek yaani moti-moti baaten, badi-badi thodi si baaten bas tafseelaat mein nahin. Dusri jo hai, kutub almufassalah, fi masaili kulli masailim masailul aqeeda. Yaani har masla, aitikadi har masle ko us kitab ne touch kiya aur uske mutaliq baat ki hai, to usme ye hai. To sabse pehle Sheikh farmate hain, isme methodology kya hai? Kya hai tariqa kar? Manhajiyat kya hai? To Sheikh farmate hain number one, at-tadarruju fil qiraah. Yaani isme bhi aapne step by step padhna hai. Pehle chhoti kitabien, phir mutavassat kitaben, phir badi kitaben. Ek dum badi chhalaange nahi maarni. Dusra jo tariqa hai, wo kya hai? Lirrujui fi maslat-ul bolte hain ke agar aapne kisi ek specific masle mein yaani koi mutavvil kitab padhni hai, to phir kya karenge aap? Aap usme badi cheez ko padh lenge. Aur teesri cheez dabtu hazihil manhajiyah. Teesri cheez ye hai ke aapne us manhajiyat ko ek framework mein band karna hai aur ye tarteeb hai. To aap mukhtasar se mutavassat, phir mutavassat se mutawil mein jayenge. Chauthi cheez min khilali tilkal manhajiyatu ya'rifu atta'alibu masailul mutaqaddimin. Aur is tarike se wo ye jaan lega ke mutaqaddimeen ka manhaj kya hai? Ke wo mukhtasaraat batayega, jese ke Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Qayyim, Ibn Aimmah Dawa, to ye sare tariqa-kaar se wo guzrega. To phir jab banda in masail, in tarike se guzarta hai, to phir wo ilm hasil karne lagta hai. Misaal ke taur par, misaal ke taur par, jab wo in cheezon se guzarta hai, to usko pata chal jata hai ke masla kidhar hai. Tasawwur yaani masle ko tasawwur karne mein aur usme koi agar galti ho, to bande ko pata chal jata hai. Misaal ke taur par, ma warada fi kutubi ahlil sunnati muttaqaddimeen min-e-ta'an wal kalam ala Abi Hanifah rahimahullah. Wa rafa'a darjatahu fil jannah. Falu nazara ahadun fi kutubi ahlil sunnatil mutakhkhireen la wajadahum hajru hazal kalaam wa tarkuhu. Yaani bol rahe hain ke agar aap mutaqaddimin ki kutube sunnah mein dekhenge, aqeede ki to usme aapko Imam Abu Hanifa ke upar ta'an aur kalam milega, kuch na kuch. Lekin agar aap mutaqaddimeen ki kutub-ul-aqeedah mein dekhenge to usme aap dekhenge unhone us pe kalam nahi kiya. Isi tarah Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ke kitabo mein bhi aapko kahin nahi milega ke unhone Imam Abu Hanifa ke mutaliq koi aisi baat kahi ho, jisme mazammat ho ya usme koi yaani aisi baat ho. To iska kya matlab hai? Iska matlab hai Sheikh farmate hain lilka fatwa kana laha waqtuhu wa zurufuha. Kyuki us waqt jo ye fatwa diya gaya tha, uske apne zuruf, apne yaani wo Ibnul waqt, yaani us waqt ke masail mein se tha. Isiliye aap dekhte hain ke mutaqaddimin ke kitabon mein ye nahi milta. Balke Imam, yaani Imam Abu Hanifa ke difa mein keh le, ya aimma-e-awwam ke ikhtilaaf ke mutaliq Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ne badi behtareen kitab likhi hai, Raf'ul malami anil aimmal awam. Theek hai ji? Yaani aimma-e-awwam se malamat ko hatana. Sheikh farmate hain min aina yatiyyatul khallu fi man yaqra al-kutubul muttaqaddimah qabla qiraatil kutubil mutakhkhirah. Sheikh farmate hain ke yaani Sheikh se poochha jaata hai ke kidhar se khalal paida hoti hai, jo banda mutaqaddimin ki kutub padhta hai mutakhkhirin ki kutub se pehle. To Sheikh farmate hain kyuki salaf ke aqwal, salaf ke jo mutaqaddimin ki jo kitaben hain, unki ek ahwal hain, unki ek scenarios hain, unka ek siyaaq-o-sabaaq hai. Unka ek environment hai. To jab tak aap us cheezon ko nahi samjhenge to aap us zamane ke mutaliq, us zamane ke fitne, us zamane ke fitne aur mazahib aur aqwal, to phir aap kya karenge? Aap yaani baad mein jaa ke usme khalal paida hoga. Isiliye Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ne yaani fataraka zaliqal kalam alimna annahu tarakahu li sababin wa manhajin yasiru alaih. Aur jab Ibn Taymiyyah ne uske upar kalam chhod diye to isse humein pata chala ke ye kisi na kisi wajah se chhodiye aur uski koi na koi manhaj hai. Theek hai ji? Isiliye Sheikh Saleh Al-Sheikh farmate hain ke isiliye jab baaz aimma-e-dawah Najdiyah ne kitabus sunnah jo Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal Rahimahullah ki kitab hai, usko jab chhapa to usme pura ek baab, jo Imam Abu Hanifa ki mazammat par tha, usko unhone hata diya. Aur usme unhone koi baat, koi harj nahi chaha. Hal inti'azuhum haza laisa min adab-il-ilmiah? Yaani wo bolte hain ke ye jo unhone nikala, kya ye amanat-e-ilmiya ke khilaf nahi hai? Balke Sheikh farmate hain bal hiya amanatun. Kyuki Sheikh farmate hain amanat ye hai ke hum sirf muallifaat ko qubool na kar le jese ke wo hai. Balke amanat ye hai ke hum baqa-ul-ummah ummah ala wahdatihi fil aqeedah wal mahabbah. Yaani hum ummat ki hifazat karein aqeedah aur mohabbat aur mawaddat mein. To isse humein pata chalta hai ke in cheezon ka khayal rakhna chahiye.

[5:40]Sheikh farmate hain ke ab ye jo martaba hai, paanchwa martaba, paanchwa level, wo akhri muntaha kul aapke liye. Wo kya hai? Wo ye hai ke ab wo ja ke jin ke upar radd kiya hai salaf ne unke aqwal ko padhna. Varna us jiske upar radd kiya gaya hai us radd ko padhne se pehle aap mardood alaih jiske upar radd kiya gaya usko nahi padhna chahiye shuru mein. Baad mein jab banda mashallah ilm ka samandar ban jaye, pahad ban jaye, phir wo ja ke usko padh sakta hai. Ab sawal paida hota hai, Sheikh, aqeede ki to aapne baaten kar li, ab humein hadees ka bhi to bataye. To Sheikh farmate hain almanhajiyyatu fi qiraati kutubi shuruhatil hadees. Hadees ki jo shuruhat hai usko padhne ke kya manhajiyat aur kya methodology hai? Number one Sheikh farmate hain az-zabit-ul-awwal. Sabse pehla tariqa kaar hai ke anal masalatul fiqhiyya allati zukira fi shuruhi yakunu tafsirha bihasabi mazhabush sharah. Jo fiqhi masail hai usme aap jo sharih hai, jo sharah likhne wala hai, uske mazhab ko padhein. Uske mustalahat ko padhein. Us usne ye masla kese tasawwur kiya? To ye bahut hi zaroori hai ke aap masla sharah padhne se pehle jo sharih hai us uska mazhab, usko janein, the author. Theek hai na? Achha ji, dusra jo masla hai, ek aur manhaji masla jo methodological hai, wo ye hai ke aap agar aapne fiqh ka ek masla janana hai, to aap direct shuruhaat-ul-hadees mein nahi jayenge, Sheikh ye farma rahe hain. Dekhein main aapko ek kitab padha raha hun, to udhar se main aapko Sheikh ki baat naqal kar raha hun. Zaroori nahi ke main muttafiq hun ya na hun, wo abhi wo wo marhala nahi aaya padhane mein, kyuki abhi humare ek tariqa-kaar hai uske upar hum chal rahe hain. To Sheikh farma rahe hain ke talib-e-ilm ko chahiye ke wo direct shuruhat-ul-hadees se fiqh aur samajhne ke liye wo na padhe. Pehle wo tasawwur-ul-masla, masle ko samajhne ke liye wo fiqh ki kitab ko padhe. Phir ja ke sharh-ul-hadees padhe, Sheikh ye farmate hain, Sheikh ka ye kehna hai. Aur Sheikh farmate hain ke aap uske liye phir kutub-ul-fiqh mein dekhenge aur phir ja ke aap kutub-ul-hadees mein agar aap dekhna chahe phir ja ke dekh sakte hain, agar aap tasawwur-ul-masla ke liye yaani masle ko samajhne ke liye janna chahte hain, kyuki fiqh mein zyada khol ke baat ki jaati hai ya usme mazeed usme masail ka zikr hota hai. Dusri baat jo Sheikh ne farmayi, dusra zaabita, dusra rule, wo ye hai ke Sheikh farmate hain jo shuruhat-ul-hadees mein jo kitab hai, unmein se baaz aisi hoti hai taasili shuruhat-ul-hadees. Wo shuruhat-ul-hadees jisme guftagu taasili ki gayi hai, buniyadi-buniyadi ki gayi hai. Misaal ke taur par, kitab Jami'u-ul-Uloom wal Hikam lil Hafiz Ibn Hajar lil Hafiz Ibn Rajab-al-Hanbali. Yaani Jami'u-ul-Uloom wal Hikam jo kitab hai jiske muallif kaun hain? Ibn Rajab-al-Hanbali. Ye sharah hai Arba'een Nawawiyah ki. Theek hai na? To ye masla is ye kitab tasveer-ul-masla ke liye bhi achha hai aur taasilaat, fundamental, foundational guftagu ke liye bhi, taasili guftagu ke liye bhi. Dusri jo hai, kuch kitaben aisi hoti hai shuruhat-ul-hadees mein jo mujtahideen ke liye, jo pahuche hue logon ke liye, jo ek andaaz mein ilm ki gehraiyon mein pahunch chuke hain. To un mein se misal ke taur par, sharh-ul-hadees mein Fath-ul-Bari. Fath-ul-Bari ye mujtahideen ke liye, kyuki isme ikhtilaafaat ka zikr hota hai, isme mukhtalif dalail ka zikr hota hai, isme mashallah yaani ibara aaliyah, yaani badi jo alfaaz ki gehrai bhi hoti hai aur gehrai bhi hoti hai. To ye isiliye jo banda ye kehta hai na ke Hafiz Ibn Hajar faqeeh nahi the, wo galti karta hai, usko ilm nahi hai Hafiz Ibn Hajar ki faqaahat ka. Usko jaane ke liye Fath-ul-Bari padhe. Unke ibaaraat, unki alfaaz ka chunav kis high level ka hai, wo padhenge to pata chalega, lekin uske padhne ke level tak pahunchne ke liye aapko ilm chahiye. Achha ji, isi tarah Sheikh farmate hain ek aur fayda yaani janibi hai, wo bolte hain ke jo shuruhat-ul-hadees mein aapne ye zehan mein rakhna hai ke wo aaj kal ki kutub ki tarah nahi hai. Us zamane mein jo likhi gayi, uski jo masaadir hai, haashiyah hai, wo exactly wese hi hota hai jese ke wo hota hai. Achha ji, isi tarah Sheikh farmate hain teesri jo teesra zaabita, ya teesra jo qaida hai shuruhat-ul-hadees mein.

[11:21]Sheikh farmate hain bahut kam aisa hota hai ke shuruhat-ul-hadees ki jo kitaben hain, usme aqeede ki chand bareek galtiyan na ho. Yaani sometimes there are minor issues of creed and aqeedah in the book of shuruhat-ul-hadees. Uski yaani wajah kya hai? Uski wajah ye hai ke Sheikh ne uski chand wujuhat bayan kiye ke unko aqeede ki in cheezon mein ya us waqt ke jo mahol, isi tarah maslan baaz shuruhat-ul-hadees mein kutub mein Hazrat Muawiyah Radiallahu anhu ke upar laan taan kiya gaya. To isme humne kya karna hai? Isme Sheikh farmate hain humare liye ye hai ke humne unki us galti ki pairvi nahi karni. Humne unke haan mein haan nahi milani. We are not blind follower, hum andhe muqallid nahi hai.

[12:15]Theek hai ji? Kyuki humare fiqhi ya fuqaha ya ulama ke haan ek qaida hai ke al-alima la yuttabau fi zallatihi au ala zallatihi. Yaani aalim ki galti ke agar wo galti kare, hum uski pairvi nahi karenge. Isiliye Sheikh farmate hain ke baaz ulama ye kaha karte the ke har aalim ki koi na koi qauli ya feli koi na koi galti hoti hai. Kyu? Uski bashariyat ka taqaza hai. Wo nabi to nahi hai ke wo galti na kare. Wo masoom to nahi. To ye bahut zaroori hai ke insan apne zehan mein ye rakhe. Kyuki Sheikh farmate hain ke yaani baaz ulama isiliye kehte the ke ihzaru zallatul aalim. Fa innahu iza zalla zalla bi zallatihi al-aalam. Yaani aalim ki galti se khabardar ho jao, kyuki jab aalim galti karta hai to aalam bhi uske piche galti karne lag jaati hai. Yaani duniya wale bhi unke piche lag jate hain kyuki unko to pata nahi. Theek hai ji? To hum InshaAllah isi par iktifa karte hain. Iske baad hum phir baat karenge zarurat-ut-tafaqquh fid-deen. Deen mein faqaahat hasil karne ki zarurat kyu hai? What is the importance of fiqh? Fiqh ki kya ahmiyat hai? Aur in mauzuat par baat karenge. Allah Ta'ala humein maaf kare aur hidayat de. Barakallahu fikum wa akhiru dawana alhamdulillah rabbil alamin subhanakallahumma wa bihamdika ashhadu an la ilaha illa anta astaghfiruka wa atubu ilaik wa sallallahu alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu.