[0:00]We are going to wiz through 10 top quotations which will fit every essay and everything that should come up. In at number one, it was like some damn. This of course is the first description we get of hide and it's from Mr. Enfield. Now, there is a good deal of Christianity in this. We have the word damn going to go to hell. But also is a corruption of, the God of the universe in the Hindu religion. Now, why does Stevenson do that? He's taking a religion that has just as many followers as Christianity. And he's suggesting quite subtly that there is another way, but it is Christian prejudice that informs our view of hide. Everyone assumes that hide is inherently evil. But when we look at this, he just tramples on the girl doesn't stop and trample on her. He gets described as bumping into her. She ran into him and he just carried on quite calm. So this invites us to question whether he is actually evil from the beginning. The other interesting thing is that andfield himself is out at the same time getting up to no good just the same as hide. So there isn't really a difference between them at this stage. We only have and field's words that he's evil. So this is going to link us into the idea of hypocrisy and that's going to link us into our next quotation when andfield wants to kill him. We also have the idea of science here that there is something unnatural about hide that he was not really like a man. So this will help the Christian audience dismiss him as a product of evil science. However, there is a subtle thing going on here. Stevenson is giving his audience what they want, which is a Christian moral story. But at the same time Stevenson is an atheist and so he's sutly undermining that story for those who want to look to say actually is Christianity the explanation for life. Is it really the root to happiness? Quote number two, I saw that song with the desire to kill him. So yes, hide is pretty bad, he's over this girl, but look what happens with and the doctor. As soon as they see hide, they actually want to murder him. And so this place with the idea of the original sin in the novel, they're far more evil characters than hide is at this stage. And they represent society, hide doesn't. Hide if you like is a bit more than they are, but they are. So let's see what that does to our themes. It's to the Christian that they're wanting to get rid of this evil in the world and therefore killing hide is a kind of Christian act. But that's really difficult to buy, isn't it? It's much more linked to the idea of hypocrisy. They say that they have moral Christian standards, but actually they're full of the desire to kill. They're going to go on to take hide for 100 pounds. They're literally going to screw them out of it. Those are the words that uses. So they're actually quite corrupt here. It brings us back to the idea of science. Christian audience is scared of science because of the theory of the evolution and therefore they're opposed to hide because he is, he goes back to an earlier form of evolution. And what Darwin is pointing out is that species just evolve in order to survive. Whereas in Christianity we're always striving to be better and more moral people. In terms of evolution there's no point being moral if that doesn't give you an advantage in survival. And so in theory, we could all become much more like neandertal if that gave us an evolutionary edge. And this of course terrifies a Christian audience. The other reason it terrifies a Christian audience is the story of the Bible is that the whole world plus every animal and every person was created in seven days about 8 and a half thousand years ago or maybe 6 and a half thousand years ago. It's not long. But actually Darwin comes along and says no, people have been evolving for hundreds of thousands of years and animals for much longer. So this challenges the very premise the origin story of the Bible. Now we toson and his repress desire. The question is going to be, what is he pressing. We find out aboutson that in his youth he used to go to the theater. But then he worried about what was happening to him and he stopped going even though he really enjoyed it. This is a really heavy hit in the theatrical world thatson is pressing his own homosexuality. You don't have to run with that if you're not comfortable with it, you can talk about other repressed desires. But let's look at the quotation. The curtains of the bed plugged apart. So here is dreaming about Dr. Jale, lying in his bed. And there's this quite sensual language where he images those curtains being drawn but instead of drawing, it's a full poster bed, instead of drawing the curtains they're being plugged apart, that is some something that you might do to a shirt or something with buttons, it's much more intimate.
[6:07]He's imagining in an intimate position in his bed, but not with there. Instead, he's imagining the figure of hide. And so we have a sense of jealousy here. Now, if you're taking the homosexual root, there is a sexual jealousy, if you're rejecting that, you're saying there is the jealousy of friendship. So everything I say about homosexuality, you can substitute friendship. I don't want to alarm you if you haven't been taught this. But for me, this is absolutely a novel about this kind of repressed desire because the Victorians simply wouldn't allow homosexuality. In fact, in 1885, just before this novel was published, they passed an act about gross indecency, outlaying homosexuality. And in part this novel is written as an attack on that act. and we'll get to more of that later. So here's the figure who has now suddenly got this power. Now, it's the power of black male in the novel because what would you black male somebody about? It would be things that were not socially acceptable. This brings us back of course to the possibility that Wilson believes is having a homosexual affair with hide. And so he's very worried about this become a public scandal and ruin his friend's reputation.
[7:34]So even if you don't want to accept that has a repressed desire for, you can certainly quite happily say that stories that has a sexual desire for hide and that hide is blackmail him as a result of their homosexual affair.
[7:54]This brings us to the idea of blackmail, the figure makes do its bidding. This all comes back to the idea that was able to get this check from to pay off the girl's family when to pay off her.
[8:14]We go back to our themes now. We immediately go in at the detective level, you know, why is having this dream about? What hold does hide, have over, obviously we're going with the here. It's also a beginning to give us a bit of a gotic setting, not too much but the whole idea of the for post bed with you know the curtains being dragged apart. We also have hypocrisy because these might be the same desires thatson himself has and is not admitting to himself. So he would be in denial about the fact that he's jealous of high's relationship with. Our next quote introduces us again to the idea of's which make him an unreliable. So I'm going to explain that quite a few times in this video. Here we have I read Satan's signature upon a face. It is on that of your new friend. He's imagining talking to and he's taken the Christian view that hide is so that it looks like Satan has actually written on his head. My property, this is my evil, the most evil person in the world. Now, at this stage what's hide done? He's knocked a girl over who ran into him and showed no remorse, bad guy. He has committed the sin of by. Oh no, he hasn't, that's just what thinks. There's been no at all. As we later find out, is eccentric when he's hide. Hide is created to go off and live all the pressures, sorry, all the pleasures that wants but can't perform because if he gets caught, his reputation will be in. Hide is a necessary part of because it allows to experience everything that hide experiences. So this Christian idea that he is the the full embodiment of evil is not necessarily so. hide just to be just seems to be enjoying pleasure which society says you've got to repress. These are not things that respectable people do. So it's not necessarily an evil man at this stage. Again we've got the idea of hypocrisy. Well, you know what makes him have Satan's signature in his face. Nothing. In fact none of the characters can actually what he looks like. So how can he have Satan's signature written on his face if they can't even remember what his face looks like. If we go back then to the Christian audience of the novel, they're going to assume that actually they can't understand what he looks like because he is so evil and so unnatural that they just have no other reference point. It's like a supernatural level of evil that they can't explain, which is why they can't describe him. The other alternative of course is There's nothing very evil about him initially to describe and therefore the impression they're describing of him doesn't match the reality. We've got there the dual nature of man. So let's jump into that a minute. What is saying is that every man has got good and evil inside him that totally agrees with Christian doctrine. Christian doctrine says actually the evil is slightly more powerful because of original sin Adam and Eve were tempted by the serpent, they went against God's world, word. We're all descended from Adam and Eve when God punished them by expelling them from Eden and symbolically we're all trying to get back to that state of Eden, that state of innocence by being good. It's a struggle, that's the whole Christian message. Now, if that's true, then hide could be all of's evil. But that doesn't make good, it just means that all that evil is also in him. He is a mixture of good and evil as we all are, and that is therefore our life nature. We're all a conflict between our good and evil nature. We all have the little devil and the little angel talking into our ears. You've probably seen that in cartoons. Well maybe cartoons aren't popular anymore. I don't know. Do they have in call of duty? I doubt it, but that's the symbolism that we've got going on here. What does it tell us about science. Well, it's a warning that science is taking us away from Christianity and leading us towards evil because hide is the product of science. You can look at other Victorian fears which were addiction because it was totally legal to take cocaine, to take opium. In fact, every drug that you could name was totally and utterly legal. And that meant quite a few middle class people became addicted even Queen Victoria used to drink, London, liquid opium. Like, you know, drug taking was everywhere. And so some people became addicted and therefore there was a Victorian fear of science and drugs and that's exactly what's going on with hide. He takes a drug symbolically as part of this scientific experiment to become something other and this plays into the Victorian fears. Next, of course, we have possibly the most famous quote in the novel with 8 like fury, down a storm of blows under which the bones were unlawfully shattered. So lovely Gothic description, over exaggeration, hyperbole, which links to the idea obviously the Gothic. Also the detective, why has hide killed. It's the only murder that happens in the novel and it's the only really violent act that hide performs apart from later punching a match seller who is female. He punches on the nose once and then goes away. hardly the act of the most evil person in the world. It definitely suggests that yes, he's a killer here, but why on earth has he killed Sarav's? and then why does he not kill anyone else? You know, what is going on? and we'll answer that in the video a bit later. Obviously we've got the idea, the fear of science here because it's given us evolution. Hide is like an earlier form of mankind, like. and this like is associated with violence and fury, the idea that in a more primitive form, we were less moral. But remember, fury could be something that helps the the man the person survive, and therefore there's no guarantee that we wouldn't evolve back to that state if it was more beneficial to survival.
[15:36]So we've got a massive fear there. Obviously that links to his evil and what's being suggested for the Christian audience is that hide has been created through science and therefore challenges Christianity and has brought about this evil being and therefore deserves to be killed. However, remember why created hide it was in order to have the pleasure that wanted. So, back to the idea of the unreliable narrator again, in chapter 10, Jell doesn't tell us why hide killed. He just said, you know, well, he came out roaring, he'd been caged up and my devil came out roaring. But, you know, is that true? I mean, he just came out because, oh, you've had me locked inside all this time, and now I'm so furious. I'm just going to kill the first person I see. Oh, no, Sir Des would't be the first person I see. I'm wondering around London, doing God knows what and suddenly I killed Sir Des. Why? What is in it for Jackle? Because remember, hide is created to enjoy Jeckle's secret repressed desires. Hide who is able to experience everything new.
[16:59]hide who can act on all these repressed desires. Hide who can live a life without censure and without society's rules. Well, obviously, no society can function without rules and obviously hide can't continue to live in Victorian society once he's a murderer. But if he's murdered on Jackle's behalf, if Jackle wanted him to kill Sir Des, then we can't necessarily hold hide responsible and that helps us understand why he says I pity him. Yeah, so what has done to hide, he's caused him to die. He's caused him to kill kill and become a hunted man. So why on earth does he want the reader to pity hide? because he's saying, look, we shouldn't repress all our desires if If we ditch the homosexuality element here, and we just look at what actually says, my tiger came out. Oh, my sorry, my devil came out roaring, he's suggesting that hide wouldn't have become murdrous if he hadn't been repressed. In other words, if had let hide out to carry on with the sorts of pleasures that and field was obviously up to at the same time when he spotted him. If if those pleasures hadn't been denied to hide he wouldn't have come out violent. And so the message is if society wasn't so repressive, then people wouldn't have violent reactions to being repressed or suppressed. So it's it's almost, isn't it? If you put pressure on something, it will react with an equal pressure back. And so what he's suggesting is, I was wrong to keep hide hidden. Hey, that's why he's called him He's questioning whether that nature of ours which society thinks is evil should have been repressed. If we don't repress it, will it actually become criminal and evil? His implication is no. Look at Enfield and Utterson and the Sawbones. These are already people who are potentially criminal. That's what he's saying society is like. So let's change society's values. And people wouldn't have to worry about their dual nature, they would just be able to express themselves fully as they are. Which is what Stevenson did by moving to Samoa. So, let's now consider who triumphs. Well, Jell dies before hide. Hide ends up killing himself rather than be executed, but this is a kind of noble death in the sense that he takes charge of his own destiny. He is stronger than. So you know what's Stevenson's message here? To a Christian audience it's saying the evil is stronger than the good. And so you have to be really, really aware of your evil desires so you can stamp on them really quickly because if you don't they'll become more powerful and you won't go to heaven. Tut tut. However, Stevenson is saying why don't believe in heaven anyway. what I'm suggesting is that if we have a fully rounded given into our central desires, we will be more powerful and better people than we are now.
[20:53]And that is why dies first. He disappears because he can never change back from hide because there's no more drug left. And that's the point of there being no more drug left. The symbolism is hide is superior to. giving into our desires rather than what society of us is superior to following society's rules.
[21:30]that's why said I'm out of this society I'm gone. If you want to understand the themes of and in more detail then this video is the one you want to watch next.
