دین اسلام میں تفقہ کی ضرورت | علمی مہارت کا حصول | شیخ سیف اللہ ثناءاللہ

[0:08]Alhamdulillahhi rabbil alamin wasalatu wasalamu ala Nabiil Amin Amma Ba'd Qala Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, man yurid Allahu bihi khairan yafaqqihhu fid-din. Aaj hum baat karenge Insha Allah zarurat at-tafaqquh fid-din. Deen mein faqahat hasil karne ki kya ehmiyat hai, uski kya zarurat hai? Aur iske kya fawaid hain? Toh sabse pehli baat jab Allah Ta'ala ne apne Nabi ko bheja aur apni Shariyat ko bheji, toh tamam logon ke upar ye wajib ho gaya ke woh apni duniya wa akhirat ko sanwarnene ke liye aur usko samajhne ke liye Wahi se apna connection aur apna ta'alluq joden aur yeh samajhne ki koshish karen ke Allah Ta'ala ne humse, woh Allah Ta'ala hamein kya hukum de rahe hain? Humse kya baat kar rahe hain, hamein kya paigham pahuncha rahe hain? Toh Sahaba Ikram Radiyallahu Anhum, unhone deen ki hifazat ki, deen ki ta'aleem hasil ki, faqahat hasil ki Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se aur woh Ulama as-Sahaba Radiyallahu Anhum, Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya jaisa ke sahih Hadith mein hai, "Innal Anbiyaa lam yuwarrithu dinaran wa la dirhama, inama wa inama warrathul ilm. Faman akhazahhu akhaza bi hazin wafir." Ambiya ne wirasat mein koi dinar aur dirham nahin di, balki unhone ilm wirasat mein di. Faman akhazahhu akhaza bi hazin wafir. Jinhone woh ilm liya unhone behtar cheez li. Isi tarah Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne aur bhi kayi ahadees aur riwayat mein deen ke ilm hasil karne ki badi targheeb di. Aur Shaikh Imam Muhammad bin Ismail al-Bukhari Rahimahullah, Imam Bukhari ne apni kitab mein kitab al-ilm qabl al-qawli wa al-amal yani ilm ko tarjeeh di aur uske liye unhone ek aur baab bandha, Baab, "Fa'lam annahu la ilaha illallah." Fa'lam, sabse pehle ilm, phir annahu la ilaha illallah. Yeh jaan lo ke Allah ke siwa koi ma'bood-e-bar-haqq nahin. Aur isi tarah Allah Ta'ala ne Quran mein yeh bhi farmaya, "Falawla nafar min kulli firqatin minhum ta'ifah, liyatafaqqahu fid-din." liyatafaqqahu faqa, yani faqahat hasil karne ke liye woh log jayen. Toh ismein koi shak nahin, deen us waqt tak qayem-daem rahega jab tak ilm baaqi rahega. Isiliye Allah Ta'ala ne kya farmaya, Allah ke Nabi Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya, "Innallaha la yaqbidul ilma intiza'an yantazi'uhum minal ibad, wa lakin yaqbiduhu bi qabdil ulama." Hatta iza lam yabqa alim, aur fi riwayat lam yatruk aliman, "ittakhaza n-nasu ru'usan juhhalan." Fasuilu bi ghairi ilm, faftau bi ghairi ilm, fadallu wa adallu. Yani Allah Ta'ala yani ilm ko kaise uthayega, uski idhar baat ho rahi hai. Isiliye sabse pehli cheez jo yani faqahat hasil karna yeh a'zmul jihad hai. A'zmul jihad, al-jihad fi tafaqquh fid-din wa at-ta'allum. Isiliye Ibn Abbas Radiyallahu Anhu se jab pucha gaya jihad ke baare mein, toh Hazrat Ibn Abbas ne kya kaha, "Ala adulluka ala ma huwa khairum minal jihad." Kya main tumhe jihad se behtar cheez ke mutalliq nahin bataun? Unhone bola bilkul batayen. Toh unhon ne kaha, "Tabni masjidan. Tu'allimu fihil Quran wa sunnanin Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam wal fiqh fid-din." Aap masjid banayen aur usmein Quran padhayen aur Allah ke Nabi ki sunnat-e-nashr karen aur faqahat, deeni faqahat batayen. Toh isse hamein pata chalta hai ke fiqh fid-din ki kya ehmiyat aur zarurat hai. Deen sirf aur halal-ul-haram ka ma'ana nahin hai. Deen Allah ki ma'arifat, Allah ke Nabi ke ma'arifat aur Tawheed aur sulooq aur in sare cheezon ka naam hai. Deen ek majmua hai, jismein Ehsan bhi hai, Imaan bhi hai, Islam bhi hai. Isiliye yani Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne Hadith-e-Jibril at-Taweel mein yeh farmaya ke Jibril ke mutalliq, Hazrat Jibril ke mutalliq, "Atakum yu'allimukum dinakum. Atakum yu'allimukum amra dinikum." Tumhe tumhare deen ke mutalliq batlane aaye the aur usmein kis baare mein baat hui thi? Islam, Ehsan aur Imaan ke mutalliq. Ab sawal yeh paida hota hai ke kya ilm wajib hai, ilm hasil karna faqahat deen ke mutalliq, toh ismein do qism hain. Number one, fard-e-ain. Ek ilm ka qism woh hai jo har insan, har Musalman ke upar farz-e-ain hai. Sikhna lazim hai aur agar woh nahin seekhega toh gunahgar hai. Misaal ke taur par Shahadatun la ilaha illallah Shahadatain ka ma'ana, Tawheed ka matlab, Asma wa Sifat ka ma'ana, isi tarah yani ijmali ijmali cheezen. Isi tarah misaal ke taur par yani yani ismein sabse nafa bakhsh jo cheez hai, woh jaisa ke Sheikh farmate hain, woh ke Sheikh Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab ki kitab "Thalathat al-Usul" sabse behtareen kitab hai is maamle mein. Aqeedah ki yani cheezon ko dekh kar, phir isi tarah wajib ho jaati hai hamare upar har bande ke upar jo ibadat, rozmarra ki jo ibadat hain, woh lazim hain. La ma la yatimmu al-wajib illabihi fahuwa wajibun. Jis cheez, jin wajibaton ka yani jin wajibat ke upar amal karne ke liye uska ilm hona aapke upar zaruri hai. Yani agar aapne namaz padhni hai, toh aapke upar yeh lazim hai ki aapko pata ho namaz ka kya tareeqa hai. Namaz se pehle wudu ka tareeqa jaanna, wudu ke kya ehkam hain, kya sharait hain. Yeh sare wajibaton mein se hain.

[5:39]Toh insan ke upar yeh lazim hai ke uske pass in rozmarra ibadat ka ilm ho, agar woh nahin seekhega toh woh gunahgar hoga. Isiliye Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne jo hadith batayi ke "Talabul ilmi faridatun ala kulli muslim." ilm ka hasil karna har Musalman ke upar wajib hai. Woh kaun sa hai, woh yeh ilm. Ilm-e-wajib, jo har bande ke upar lazim hai. Dusra ilm ka jo qism hai, woh hai al-ilmul al-kifai. Iza qama bihil ba'du saqata anil ba'qeen. Woh ilm jo Kamal darje ka hai, woh har bande ke upar lazim nahin hai. Woh yeh hai ki bas ek jamaat, ek giroh yeh hasil kare, toh baqiyon se saaqit ho jaati hai, jisko hum fard-e-kifayah ya jisko hum English mein communal duty kehte hain. Communal duty. Theek hai ji. Toh ab jab aapko yeh cheez wazeh ho jaye, toh bande ke upar lazim hai ke woh sabse pehle jo ilm-e-wajib hai, ilm-e-fard-e-aini hai, woh hasil kare, phir fard-e-kifayah ke paas jaaye.

[6:35]Ab sawal yeh paida hota hai ke kya hum Tawheed ke mutalliq agar hum padhen, toh usmein phir hamare kya woh hona chahiye? Ek banda matlab yani ilm hasil karna chahta hai, toh Tawheed aur Aqeedah ke mein Ulama do qism karte hain. Ek Tawheed ka maamla jo hai, woh jismein Tawheed-e-Rububiyat, Tawheed-e-Uluhiyat aur Asma wa Sifat daakhil hote hain. Dusre qism woh Aqeedah jismein Arkaan-e-Imaan-e-Sitta. Theek hai ji. Arkaan-e-Imaan yani Imaan. Theek hai, toh yeh Tawheed-e-A'zam hai, Tawheed-e-Akbar hai. Ab yeh kaise hum hasil karen? Ismein Ulama ne yeh kaha hai ki sabse pehle insan zaruri hai ke Tawheed-e-Rububiyat woh yani Tawheedul Ibadah, Tawheedul Ibadah yani Allah Ta'ala ki ibadat mein Wahdaniyat aur yakta hone ka, yeh bahut zaruri hai. Isi tarah yani phir insan usmein Hadith aur Quran se padhe aur isi tarah yani Tawheed-e-Rububiyat ke mutalliq padhe, yani ayat jo ayaton mein jismein Allah Ta'ala ki Azmat, Allah Ta'ala ki jo yani bayan ki gayi hai. Aage Sheikh farmate hain "An taqra'a fi kitabi Miftah Dar as-Sa'adah" yani Tawheed-e-Ubudiyah, ibadat ki Tawheed ko jaanne ke liye aap Miftah Dar as-Sa'adah jo Imam Ibn Qayyim ki kitab hai, woh padhna chahiye. Kyunki usmein Allah Ta'ala ki Azmat, Allah Ta'ala ki jo mukhtalif jo Tawheed-e-Rububiyat mein, Tawheed-e-Rububiyat mein padhne ke liye aapko iski is kitab ki bahut zarurat padegi. Aur ab sawal yeh paida hota hai ke Tawheed-e-Ibadah aur Tawheed-e-Uluhiyah mein agar main ne padhna ho toh usmein kaun si kitab se padha jaye? Toh usmein jis kitab se padhna chahiye woh hai, yani Sheikh farmate hain jo zyada achha, yahi Arab mein ek tareeqa-e-kaar hai, us hisab se hum agar baat karen, toh usmein behtar yeh hai ki sabse pehle insan padhe kitab Usul-ul-Thalatha, yani "Thalathatul Usul" li Imam al-Da'wah Imam Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab, Sheikh Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab ki kitab hai. Usko woh padhe. Phir uske baad Kitab al-Tawheed padhe, phir uske baad kitab Kashf ush-Shubuhaat padhe, agar usne Tawheed-e-Ibadah mein yani yeh teen maratib hain. Sheikh farmate hain ke zaruri hai ki insan ya toh khud padhe ya kisi ustad se padhe aur uske baad phir woh kitab yani Tawheed aur Kashf ush-Shubuhaat asatiza aur mashaikh ke upar upar padhe. Aur usmein Sheikh farmate hain ke zaruri hai ke yani baaz jo talabatul ilm, baaz log jo fitrat-e-salimah wale aur ahl-e-Tawheed hain, woh Tawheed ke baaz masail ko nahin samajh paate. Uski kya wajah hai? Uski wajah yeh hai ki woh Tawheed ka ilm hasil nahin karte. Woh har cheez mein padhte hain lekin un mein se jo kuch log hain, woh Tawheed ka ilm hasil nahin karte. Isiliye Sheikh ne ek shair ka qaul zikr kiya hai ke, "Wa minal ajaib, wa minal ajaib wal ajaibu jummatun, qurbud dawa'i wa ma ilaihi wusul. Kal eesi fil baida'i yaqtulu haz-zama'u wal ma'u fawqa zuhuriha mahmul." Kya khoobsurat shair Sheikh ne pucha hai aur woh zikr kiya hai.

[9:33]Ke kitne ta'ajjub ki baat hai aur ajaib bahut zyada hai ki dawai itni qareeb hai, lekin koi uske tak pahunch nahin raha. Us tarah jis tarah ek janwar jo shiddat-e-pyaas mein marne wala hai, lekin pani uske kamar par hai woh usko laake pee nahin sakta. Toh isi tarah isiliye bahut zaruri hai ki aap Tawheed apne aapko bhi padhayen, apne as-doston ko bhi aur apne ghar wale aur bachchon ko bhi ek achhe andaaz mein bahut zaruri hai. Taaki Tawheed jo hai, yeh sabse aham cheez hai. Iske baad Sheikh farmate hain ki, "Wa talibul ilmi awwalu ma yabda'u bihi kitab Lu'mat al-I'tiqad li ibn Qudamah." Yani ab jo talib-e-ilm hai, woh kya kare? Woh iske baad Lu'mat al-I'tiqad padhe Ibn Qudamah ki. Phir uske baad Wasatiyah padhe Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ki aur al-Hamawiyah Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ki, phir at-Tahawiyah uski sharah Ibn Abil Izz ke saath. Aur yeh jo Aqaid hain, ismein aqsaam Sheikh ne zikr kiye hain. Kaha, "Wa hazihil Aqeedatu mushtamilatun ala aqsaam. Al-qismul awwal bayan arkanil Imaan-e-sittah."

[10:41]Sabse pehle Arkaan-e-Imaan-e-Sittah ka zikr kiya jata hai. Dusri cheez, "Ma yattasilu bi manhaj al-ta'amuli ma'al khalqi allazi bayana bihi Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama'ah." Yani aapne jo Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama'ah ka ta'amul hai, usko padhna hai, Ahl-e-Bid'at se jo mukhtalif hai. Kaise aap wulaatul umur, Hakim-e-Waqt ke saath kaise ta'amul karenge? Yani aur jo gunahgar hain, unke saath Amar Bil Ma'ruf mein kaise ta'amul karenge? Sahaba ke mutalliq kya hoga aapka idea, aapka fikr, aapka Aqeedah, aapka Imaan? Isi tarah Ummahat al-Mu'mineen Radiyallahu Anhunna, Ridaanullahi Alaihinna, Allah Ta'ala unse raazi ho. In masail mein kya hoga? Isi tarah teesra qism jo Sheikh farmate hain, "Simaatu Ahlis Sunnati was Salafis Salihi fit ta'abbud." Yani Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama'ah aur Salaf-e-Salih ta'abbud mein, ibadat guzari mein aur shab-e-bedari mein unka kya sulook tha? Kyunki Ahlus Sunnah apne aqeedah mein Nasara ya Yahud ki tarah nahin hain ki sirf ek aqli baat ho, aqli guftugu ho aur uska amali taur par koi yani nazar na aaye. Isiliye Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ne apni kitab "Al-Aqeedah al-Wasatiyah" mein aakhir mein yeh zikr kiya hai ek qism, "Qismu wa huwa as-sulook" jismein Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah ne farmaya, "Wahum ma'a zalika yuhhhafizun alal jum'ati wal jama'at wa yadinuna bin nasihati lil ummah." Iska kya matlab hai? Iska matlab yeh hai ke Aqeedah aur jo aapka ehqad hai, uska asar aapke amal par bhi hona chahiye. Achha ji, hum isi par iktifaa karte hain, Insha Allah. Agli nashist mein hum baat karenge, Insha Allah, talibul ilm wal bahth, yani talib-e-ilm aur woh bahs aur research ke mutalliq kya karna chahiye aur uske mutalliq hum, Insha Allah, baat karenge. Baraka Allahu Fikum Wasallallahu Wasallam Ala Nabiyyina Muhammad Wa Assalamu Alaikum Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuh.