أھل علم سے سؤال کے آداب | علمی مہارت کا حصول | شیخ سیف اللہ ثناءاللہ

[0:09]Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Alhamdulillahhi Rabbil-Alameen, Was-Salatu Was-Salamu Alan-Nabi-yil-Ameen. Amma Ba'ad. Aadab-us-Sual, Sawal karne ke kya Aadab hain? Taqriban 6 Aadab ka zikr ho chuka hai, abhi Aadab number 7 ki taraf aate hain. Shaykh farmate hain: An Laa Yas'al-us-Sailu Ashyain Laa Yafhamuha Illal-Khaasa, wa An Laa Yusir-us-Suala Amamal-Aamah fil-Muhadarat-il-Aamah ka An Yas'ala Sualan Qad Laa Ya'lamul-Aamatu Ma'nahu. Wa Laa Yafhamuna Jawaba-hu Illa Fiyatun Qalilatun min Talabatil-Ilm, Allahu Akbar.

[0:53]Koi aisa sawal public mein mat puchen jo public ke aqal se upar ki baat ho. Koi aisa khaas, specific, academic, high-level questions jo awaam-un-naas ke liye fitna paida kar sakta hai, usko general public event session mein nahi karna chahiye. Kyunki is se awaam-un-naas mein fitna paida hota hai. Misaal ke taur par, ek awaami majlis hai us mein ek Taalib-e-Ilm ya ek banda ya ek shub'ha, a doubtful banda khada ho ke kehta hai, "Ay Alim-e-Deen, ay Shaykh, Mad-Daliylun Ala Wujood-e-Allah, Allah ke wujood par woh sawal uthaata hai, Nabi ke Nabi hone ke ki daleel maangta hai. Taqdeer par sawal uthaata hai, shar ke mutalliq sawal uthaata hai toh phir ab hum kya karein? Ab logon jo awaam-un-naas jin ke zehan mein is tarah ke sawalaat nahi hain, us bande ke sawal uthane ki wajah se logon ka Imaan khatre mein chale jata hai. Isliye Hazrat Ali Radi-Allahu Anhu wa Ardaahu farmate the, ke "Had-di-sun-Naasa bi Maa Ya'rifoon. A tuhim-buuna Ayyukaz-za ballah wa Rasooluh." Hazrat Ali Radi-Allahu Anhu farmate hain, "Had-di-sun-Naasa bi Maa Ya'rifoon." Ek aur riwayat mein, "Had-di-sun-Naasa bi Maa Ya'kiloon." Logon se wahi baat karo jo woh jaante hain ya jo unka aqal mutahamil ho sakta hai, jitna unka aqli level hai. A tuhim-buuna kya tum ye chahte ho? Do you like? Ayyukaz-za ballah wa Rasooluh, kya Allah aur Allah ke Rasool ko jhuthlaya jaye? Kya aap ye chahte ho? Ke log kahein Allah aur Allah ke Rasool ke bare mein buri baatein karein? Isi liye Imam Bukhari Rahimahullah ne apni kitab Kitaab-ul-Ilm, Sahih Bukhari mein Kitaab-ul-Ilm mein ek baab bandha hai. Farmaya, "Baab-u Man Khas'sa bil-Ilmi, au Man" duna qaumin karaahiyata an laa Yafhamu, Allahu Akbar. Misaal ke taur par, ek aur mein aapko misaal deta hun. Misaal ke taur par ek banda jaake itne bade majlis mein sifaat ke sawal karta hai. Allah ke sifaat ke mutalliq sawal karta hai. Ke Allah ki sifat-e-yad ka kya mafhoom hai? Kaifiyat kya hai? Ar-Rahman-ul-Ala-al-Arshi-Stawa, Istawa ka kya ma'ana hai? Yani ye is tarah ke jo masail Aqeede ke jo aam awaam ke liye fitna aur shaq ka bais ban sakta hai. Isi tarah, misaal ke taur par woh Qayamat ke masail aur us mein jo ikhtelafaat paye jaate hain, daqeeq masail-e-fiqhiya ya Ahl-e-Ilm ke ikhtelaf ke mutalliq woh baat karta hai. Isi liye Shaykh farmate hain, "Al-Aamatu Tahtajuna". Al-Aamatu in nama Yahtajuna Qawlan Waahidan bi-daliyihi Yamshuna Alaihi. Jo aam awaam hain, unko ek hi qaul diyo kyun ke woh us par chal sakein, warna woh un mein ikhtelaf paida ho jayega. Isi tarah Shaykh farmate hain ke yeh bahut zaroori hai ke aap haal aur maqam, "Li Kulli Maqamin Maqalam." Har jagah ki ek khaasit aur khusoosiyat aur maqam hota hai us ke hisab se aap baat kiya karein. Al-Adab-us-Saamin, Al-Adab-us-Saamin, etiquette number 8. "Idha sa'alta fa ujibta wa kana Indaka Ishtihaun fa Qul Ma Fahimtu wastarijihu fil-Jawabi Hatta Tafhamuhu." Bolte hain agar aap ne ek sawal kiya aur aage se jawab aaya lekin aapko samajh mein nahi aayi ke ye kya sawal hai, toh aap un se poochen aur kahein mujhe samajh mein nahi aayi. I couldn't understand. Mujhe samajh mein nahi aayi, "Lam Afham". Aur aap zara mujhe mazeed isko elaborate aur mazeed tashreeh kar dein. Jaise ke Imam Bukhari Rahimahullah ne apni Sahih Bukhari mein is cheez ka zikr kiya hai ke Ibn-e-Abi Mulayka, Hazrat Ibn-e-Abi Mulayka jo tab'in mein se the. Woh Hazrat Aisha Radi-Allahu Anha ke paas unhon ne bare mein baat ki, kehte hain ke "Ka'anat Aisha Radi-Allahu Anha, laa Tasma'u Shay'an laa Ta'rifuhu Illa Raaja'at Fihi Hatta Ta'rifuhu." Agar Hazrat Aisha koi aisi baat sun lein jo unko samajh mein nahi aayi ya jo un tak pahunchi nahi hai toh woh jaa ke pata karte aur tab tak woh nahi woh karti jab tak woh usko samajh na lein ya unko uska pata na chal jaye. Isi liye Sahaba bhi is adab se muzaiyan aur beautify hue hue the. Ke agar unko koi baat samajh mein na aaye toh woh Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se ya Sahaba se pooch liya karte the, taake woh koi aisi galat baat logon tak mat pahunchayein jo nahi pahunchi chahiye galat andaaz mein.

[5:54]Al-Adab-ut-Taasi', the etiquette number 9. "An Yakoonas-Sailu Labiqan Ma'a Ahl-il-Ilmi Mut'addiban Ma'ahum wa Hayyaban Lahum." Fa Innakka Idhaa Zidta fi Ihtiram-il-Ilm-e-Aalimi wa Sha'ara bi-dhalika minka fa Innahu Yazeeduka minal-Ilmi wal-Jawabi li Annaka Asbahta Mutaah-helan. Allahu Akbar. Sawal karne wala bada ba-adab ho. Aalim ki izzat karne wala ho, Aalim ki ke samne adab se pesh aane wala ho, unki haybat ka khayal rakhne wala ho, aur jab aap Aalim ki izzat mein izafa karte hain toh kya hota hai?

[6:40]Aalim bhi khush ho kar aap ke jawab mein tafseel pesh karta hai aur aisi-aisi baatein batata hai jo woh aam logon ko nahi batata. Uski wajah kya hai? Uski wajah yeh hai ke aap ne us Aalim ko woh maqam, woh izzat, woh ehtaram di,

[7:09]jis ki buniyad pe usne aap ko woh ilm nawaza jo baaqiyon ke paas nahi diya jaata. Al-Adab-ul-Aashir, Adab number 10. "Yanbaghi Ayyu-ra'i-yas-Sailu Haal-al-Aalimi wa Waqtahu Heena Yas'aluhu fa Yaqoolu Lahu, Hal Ha'adhaa Waqtun Munaasibun lis-Sual?" Sawal poonchte waqt is adab ka khaas taur par khayal rakhna chahiye ke jis se sawal kiya ja raha hai, jin mohtaram shaksiyat, Alim-e-Deen, Mufti, Ustaaz, Shaykh se aap sawal kar rahe hain, un ki haalat munasib ho ke woh jawab de sakein. Isi liye jab bhi aap kisi Aalim se raabta karein, un se yeh zaroor poochein, "Hal Ha'adhaa Waqtun Munaasibun lis-Sual, Shaykhana?" Mere Shaykh, mere Ustaaz-e-Mukarram, kya yeh waqt munasib hai aap se sawal karne ka?

[8:06]Ya hum kisi aur waqt bhi sawal kar sakte hain, jo aap ke liye munasib ho. Agar woh aapko ye kahein beta abhi mein masroof hun, abhi mein thoda kisi kaam mein masroof hun, mashgool hun, padha raha hun ya mein zehni taur par taiyar nahi hun, toh aap kahein koi masla nahi Ustaaz-e-Mohtaram, jo aapko munasib lage. Toh is mein aapko zyada sawab, zyada ajar aur zyada adab milega, kyun ke jab jis se aap sawal kar rahe hain, jitna woh comfortable hoga, jitna woh yaani apni haalat uski behtar hogi, utna woh aapko achha aur munasib jawab de payega. Warna, kahin aisa na ho ke lene ke dene pad jayein. Ye yaad rakhein. Kyunke kabhi-kabhi aap dekhte hain ke baaz Talabat-ul-Ilm Ustaaz apni yaani 100% situation mein nahi hota aur us waqt sawal karte hain aur Ustaaz tang aaye hue hote hain, lekin woh apne us shagird ko kuch kehte nahi hain, toh baad mein woh jawab mein aisa jawab dete hain jis se sawal karne wala pareshan ho jaata hai.

[9:11]Isliye zaroori hai ke Aalim-e-Deen ki nafsiyati, ijtimaai, zehni, zamaani, makaani haalat ka khayal rakha jaye, taake aap achhe andaaz mein sawal kar sakein. Isi liye ek martaba Shaykh farmate hain, unke Jad-e-Amjad Fazil-at-ul-Shaykh Al-Allamah Mufti-e-Azam Saudi Arabia Muhammad bin Ibrahim Al-e-Shaykh Rahimahullah wa Ghaffara Lahu wa Adkhalahu Fasiha Jannatihi. Un se ek bar kisi ne gaadi mein jaate hue poocha toh unhon ne kaha ke, "Innas-Sayyarata Maa Fiha Fatawa. Idha Dhahabna Ilal-Baiti fad-khul wa As'al. Wa idha aw idhaa kunna fil-Masjid-e-As'alni fihi." Bolte hain ke jab usne sawal poocha, toh kaha gaadiyon mein mein sawal ka jawab nahi deta, mein fatwa nahi deta. Ya toh aap mere ghar tashreef le aayein, mein aapko jawab de dunga. Ya aap masjid mein tashreef le aayein, mein udhar jawab de dunga. Kyun? Kyunke jo gaadi mein baitha hua banda hai uske liye kuch mushkilat aur kuch masail hote hain. Is ki mein aapko ek misaal deta hun. Hazrat Umar Radi-Allahu Anhu Ibn-e-Abbas se bahut mohabbat karte the aur unko yaani majalis mein aur Kibaar Sahaba ki majalis mein aage-aage karte. Aur Ibn-e-Abbas mein unko ilm, adab, tadab, Hikmat, Wisdom aur Kitab-o-Sunnat ka ilm un mein nazar aata tha. Toh Hazrat Ibn-e-Abbas ne ek bar kaha, "Hibtu An As'ala Umara Anil-Imra'atain-illateeni Tazaaharat'a Alaa Rasoolillah." Bolte hain Hazrat Umar ki haybat ki wajah se mein ek bar unki haybat ki wajah se unse woh sawal na kar saka, ke woh do aurtein jinhon ne Tazaahur aur Muzaahira kiya tha yaani Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se. Muzaahira se murad ke unhon ne yaani Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se doori ikhtiyar ki thi. Toh mein ne unse poocha tha, poochhna kaun hai lekin nahi poochh saka.

[11:05]Toh ek martaba, bolte hain ke hum Hajj mein the, toh Hazrat Umar ne unko kaha paani le aao wudhu karna hai. Toh Hazrat Ibn-e-Abbas ne jab paani qareeb kiya aur kaha, "Qultu ya Ameer-ul-Mumineen, Manil-Imra'atain-illateeni Qala feehima Jal-la Jalaalahu, In Tattoo ilaallahi faqad Saghat Qulubukuma." Ke woh do aurtein kaun thi jinke bare mein Allah Ta'ala ne ye ayat nazil ki ke agar tum dono tauba kar lo toh Allah Ta'ala is tarah maamla toh ye kaun the dono? Toh Hazrat Umar Radi-Allahu Anhu ne kaha woh Hazrat Aisha aur Hafsa Radi-Allahu Anha thi. Isi liye woh kehte hain ke Hazrat Ibn-e-Abbas Radi-Allahu Anhu kabhi-kabhi apne jo unka burda hota hai, jo pehenne wala, usko garmi ki shiddat mein takiya bana ke kisi Ansaari ke ghar ke samne bichha ke let jaate, so jaate ya udhar baith jaate taake woh unse ilm haasil karein, unse Hadees haasil karein. Isi liye kabhi-kabhi aisa hota ke woh aa ke darwaza khathkhataate Ansaari ka. Toh woh poochhte yaani woh kidhar hai Ansaari Sahabi? Woh bolte woh so rahe hain. Toh ya phir woh ghar mein hai. Toh phir ya woh mashgool hain, toh Hazrat Ibn-e-Abbas, Hazrat Ibn-e-Abbas intezar karte. Aur jab woh Sahabi, woh Ansaari nikalte toh kehte, "Yabna Ammi Rasoolillah," ay Allah ke Rasool ke chacha-zad, chacha ke bete, aap kab se idhar baithe hue hain? Toh Hazrat Ibn-e-Abbas kehte, "Munzu Kadha wa Kadha" mein is waqt se baitha hua hun. Toh woh bolte, "fa Hal-la Ba'athta Ilayya Hatta Aateeka?" Toh Hazrat Ibn-e-Abbas ko kehte agar aap mujhe keh dete mein khud aap ke paas aa jaata. Toh Hazrat Ibn-e-Abbas kehte, "Ana Kuntu Aahaqqu An Ateeka." Yaani ye aapka zyada haq hai aur mera zyada is mein haq hai ke mein aap ke paas aaun. Aur kabhi-kabhi woh apne burde ko takiya banaate aur mitti aa ke unko unke upar gubaar aur wagaira aa jaate, toh ye sara kis liye? Ilm ke liye tazallul, inkisari, aajizi dikhaate. Toh isliye bahut zaroori hai ke yaani yaani sawal karte waqt is cheez ka khayal rakha jaye ke jis se sawal kiya ja raha hai uski haalat kya hai. Isi tarah Al-Adab-ul-Hadi-Ashar, Adab number 11. Woh kya hai? Ke sawal karne wale ko agar sawal karne wala jis se sawal kiya ja raha hai, Shaykh, Mufti, Aalim-e-Deen, woh agar aapko jhadak de, daant de, sunaye, tarbiyati pehlu se zara tanbee karein, toh aap sabr karein. Sabr ka muzahira karein aur unke liye uzr nikalen, aur adab aur izzat se pesh aayein. Ye nahi ke agar Aalim-e-Deen kyunke kabhi-kabhi Ulama jalaal mein aa jaate hain. Kabhi-kabhi Ulama apne yaani unki bhi woh bhi insan hain. Toh kabhi agar aisa karein toh aap sabr ka muzahira karein. Is sakhti ka jawab sakhti se mat dein. Adab number 12, barwaan woh kya hai? "An Laa Yukrij-us-Sailu An Laa Yuhrij-us-Sailu Aalima Aw Taalib-al-Ilm." Sawal karne wala Shaykh ya Aalim-e-Deen ya Taalib-e-Ilm ko haraj mein na dale, unko sharmindgi ka bais na banaye, unke liye masla paida na kare. Misaal ke taur par, woh kahe, "As'alukabillah wa Wajhih wa Aqsimu Alaika An Tujiba." Khuda ki qasam iska mujhe jawab de ke rakho, iska mujhe jawab chahiye. Toh ho sakta hai jis se aap sawal poochh rahe hain us ka koi aisa jawab ho jo awaam-un-naas ke samne pesh karna munasib nahi hai. Isliye woh jawab dene se gurez kar raha hai, lekin aap us, aap ne unko corner mein laga diya, aap ne unko phasa diya. Shar'i taur par, ab woh mazboor hain. Aur agar woh kahenge toh unke liye bhi masla aapke liye bhi masla hai. Toh isliye bahut zaroori hai ke aap is tarah ka tareeqa na apnayein, kisi ke upar qasam ya apni raaye mat thopein ke woh bechara phans jaye aur baad mein aap pachtayein. Achha ji dusri jo Shaykh ne ek aur baat kahi hai woh ye kahi hai ke, "Al-Ilmu Yu'khadhu min Ahlihi bit-Talaq-qi." Yani woh bolte hain ilm ko aap Ulama se talaqqi kar ke, ek-ek kar ke bil-mushaafa'ah akhaz karte. Isi liye Ibn-e-Wahb Radi-Allahu Anhu Rahimahullah farmate hain, "Laula Annallaha Ta'ala Istankadhana bi Malik-in wal-Laithi Ladalalna." Agar Hazrat Imam Malik aur Layth na hote toh hum halak ho jaate agar humne unse direct ilm haasil nahi kiya hota. Isliye bahut zaroori hai ke Taalib-e-Ilm aur Aalim-e-Deen se usi se sawal kiya jaye jo Ahl-e-Ilm hai. Laa ta'khudhul-Ilma An Sahafiyin wa Lal-Qur'ana min Mushafiyin. Ilm ko Sahaafi se mat akhaz karo. Jaise ke aajkal kya bolte hain? Self-learning, mein ne kitab padhi. Kitab padhne se ilm haasil nahi hota. Ulama se, Asatiza se ilm haasil karne se hota hai. Ek banda bolta hai mein ne Quran ki Tajweed seekhi, Quran seekha akela bagair Ustaad ke. Woh bahut zyada galtiyan karta hai. Isi liye Ulama ne in cheezon se yaani bahut zyada sakhti se mana kiya hai, us bare mein ke koi nauzubillah ilm haasil kare juhala se. Aur khaaskar aaj kal ke pur-fitan zamane mein ek qisam hai jisko bolte hain Ar-Ruwaybidha. Ar-Ruwaybidha kaun hai? Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya, Ar-Ruwaybidha. Qayamat ke qareeb aise log honge, At-Taafih, Ar-Rajul-ut-Taafih yatakallamu fi Amril-Aammah. Woh mamooli sa shakhs, woh jahil shakhs jisko Quran padhna nahi aata, woh awaam-un-naas ke masail mein fatwa de. Jaise ki aaj kal ke hamare zamane mein bade-bade motivational speaker, bade-bade modern Islamic cute-cute boys, cool-cool Islamic scholar jinko Quran sahi tareeqe se padhna nahi aata, jinhon ne kisi Shaykh se proper kitab nahi padhi hoti, jinhon ne koi bhi ilm sahi tareeqe se haasil nahi kiya hota. Buniyadi, basic knowledge se woh mahroom aur mahlool hai. Aur isi tarah unko Quran bhi zara, sochiye, ek shakhs ko Quran sahi tareeqe se padhna nahi aata woh aa ke aapke samne bolta hai, mein Mufti toh nahi lekin meri raaye yeh hai. Yeh Alamate Qayamat mein se hai. Yeh Qayamat ki nishaniyon mein se hai jaise ke sahi Hadees mein hai. Isi liye insan ko chahiye ke woh yaani in cheezon ka khayal rakhe aur Ulama se sawal kare. Har lallu-panju mashhoor bande ki peeche bhagne ke bajaye Allah walon se pooche. Al-Adab-us-Saalith-Ashar, aakhiri jo Adab hai aur is ke baad phir hum ikhtitam aur iktifa karte hain. Woh yeh hai ke min al-masa'ili al-lati yanbaghi an tura'a fi adabi as-su'al al-as'ilah allati takunu 'aqiba al-muhadharati. Yaani woh sawalat jo lectures, public lectures ya conferences ke baad pooche jate hain, halanke us mein itni waqt nahi hoti, itna waqt nahi hota ke banda jawab de aur waqt ki kami hoti hai ke woh har sawal ka jawab de. Isi liye jo banda udhar rakha jaata hai ke woh sawalat ko choose kare, toh woh is cheez ka khayal rakhe ke woh aise sawalat yaani Aalim ke samne rakhe jo munasib ho. Jo us us conference ya us ijtema se ye na ho ke woh gair-munasib ho. Isliye bahut zaroori hai ke woh munasib sawal kare. Isi liye jab Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se poocha gaya ek majlis mein, Mata Sa'ah, Qayamat kab hai? Toh Allah ke Nabi ne apni baat jaari rakhi. Toh us bande ne dobara ye kaha, Mata Sa'ah, toh Allah ke Nabi ne baat jaari rakhi. Usne dobara poocha, Mata Sa'ah. Toh Allah Ta'ala ke upar Allah ke Nabi ne Quran yeh padh ke sunaya. "Yas'aloonaka Anil-Sa'ati Ayyaana Mursaha Fema Anta min Dhikraaha." Theek hai na? Toh isliye bahut zaroori hai ke insan sawal karte waqt in Aadab ka khayal rakhe, warna phir bahut saare fitne aur masail paida hote hain. Allah Ta'ala humein in baaton par gaur-o-fikr aur amal ki taufiq de. Aur Allah Ta'ala humein hidayat de. Wa Aakhir-u-Daa'wana Anil-Hamdulillahi Rabbil-Aalameen. Subhanak-Allahumma wa bihamdika Ashhadu An Laa Ilaha Illa Anta Astaghfiruka wa Atoob-o-Ilaika. Was-Salamu Alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.