Mirage formation| Total internal reflection

[0:00]Physics formation. We can see any object only when the light hits the object and falls on our eyes. In deserts, the surface of the earth becomes hot due to the heat, due to which the air around it also becomes hot, and the air above it remains cold. When the particles of the air are close to each other, the cold air behaves like a denser medium and the hot air behaves like a rarer medium. So here we can see the cold and hot air in the form of layers. When the light hits this tree and enters this layer from a denser medium to a rarer medium, then the light refracts away from the normal. So in this way, the light keeps refracting layer by layer, and due to refraction, its incident angle keeps increasing every time, and there comes a time when the incident angle becomes greater than the critical angle, due to which the light now reflects instead of refracting, which means total internal reflection. And when this reflected light falls on our eyes, then we see the inverted image of this tree downwards, so it seems as if there is a pond nearby.